Fluid-structure Interaction Modeling and Vibration Characteristics of Check Valve in High-pressure Diaphragm Pump
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摘要: 针对单向阀开启过程中强迫振动产生的根源和流激振动问题,构建了开度为5%、15%、30%、50%、75%和100%的流固耦合仿真模型,对不同开度情况下的流体与固体场特性以及流体施加于阀芯上的流激振力进行数值分析,得到了流场压力云图、速度矢量云图和流激振力脉动峰值频率以及阀芯在各开度下的模态振型和固有频率。结果表明:单向阀开启过程中,阀芯两侧存在较大的压差,变形区域主要集中于胶垫,阀腔内高速流体与低速流体接触时出现剪切形成涡流,流动涡流周期性变化产生的流激振力导致阀芯被迫振动,阀芯上的流激振力脉动峰值频率分布范围逐渐增加且波动更大。Abstract: Aiming at the root causes of forced vibration and flow-induced vibration problems during the opening process of the check valve, a fluid-structure interaction simulation model with different opening degrees of 5%, 15%, 30%, 50%, 75% and 100% was constructed. The characteristics of the fluid and solid fields and the flow-exciting force exerted by the fluid on the valve spool were numerically analyzed, and the pressure cloud map of the flow field, the velocity vector cloud map, the peak frequency of the flow-induced vibration force, and mode shapes and natural frequencies of the valve core at each opening degree were obtained. The results show that: during the opening process of the check valve, there is a large pressure difference on both sides of the valve core, and the deformation area is mainly concentrated in the rubber pad. When the high-speed fluid in the valve cavity contacts the low-speed fluid, a vortex is formed by shearing, and the flow vortex changes periodically. The flow-exciting force generated by the vortex causes the spool vibration, and the peak frequency distribution of the flow-exciting force pulsation on the spool gradually increases and fluctuates more.
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表 1 流体域网格无关性检验数据
Table 1. Data for fluid domain grid independence verification
网格单元数 出口流量/(kg·s-1) 出口平均流速/(m·s-1) 652 305 8.890 46 1.531 28 834 665 8.865 54 1.542 75 985 210 8.862 36 1.543 94 表 2 单向阀零部件材料参数
Table 2. Material parameters of check valve components
材料 密度/(kg·m-3) 弹性模量/MPa 泊松比 20CrNiMo 7.870×103 2.08×105 0.295 PU 1.26×103 2.41×103 0.450 表 3 单向阀各开度下固有频率
Table 3. Natural frequencies of the check valve at various openings
开度/ % 固有频率/Hz 1阶 2阶 3阶 4阶 5阶 6阶 5 126.82 193.99 194.05 998.81 2 478.12 2 478.21 15 126.85 194.12 194.14 999.42 2 478.14 2 478.32 30 126.85 194.25 194.32 999.38 2 478.56 2 478.65 50 126.87 194.31 194.41 999.63 2 478.61 2 478.82 75 126.88 194.53 194.45 999.59 2 478.32 2 478.75 100 126.89 194.56 194.52 999.75 2 478.36 2 478.85 表 4 单向阀的固有频率仿真值与理论值对比
Table 4. Comparison of simulated and theoretical values of natural frequencies of the check valve
开度/% 仿真值/Hz 理论值/Hz 误差/% 5 126.82 120.56 5.19 15 126.85 120.61 5.17 30 126.85 120.66 5.13 50 126.87 120.74 5.08 75 126.88 120.78 5.05 100 126.89 120.81 5.03 -
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