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PCA-TOPSIS法在不锈钢电弧增材工艺参数优化中的应用

姜宇杰 陈菊芳 赵彩虹 李小平

姜宇杰,陈菊芳,赵彩虹, 等. PCA-TOPSIS法在不锈钢电弧增材工艺参数优化中的应用[J]. 机械科学与技术,2021,40(4):579-585 doi: 10.13433/j.cnki.1003-8728.20200086
引用本文: 姜宇杰,陈菊芳,赵彩虹, 等. PCA-TOPSIS法在不锈钢电弧增材工艺参数优化中的应用[J]. 机械科学与技术,2021,40(4):579-585 doi: 10.13433/j.cnki.1003-8728.20200086
JIANG Yujie, CHEN Jufang, ZHAO Caihong, LI Xiaoping. Application of PCA-TOPSIS Method to Optimization of Processing Parameters in Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing of Stainless Steel[J]. Mechanical Science and Technology for Aerospace Engineering, 2021, 40(4): 579-585. doi: 10.13433/j.cnki.1003-8728.20200086
Citation: JIANG Yujie, CHEN Jufang, ZHAO Caihong, LI Xiaoping. Application of PCA-TOPSIS Method to Optimization of Processing Parameters in Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing of Stainless Steel[J]. Mechanical Science and Technology for Aerospace Engineering, 2021, 40(4): 579-585. doi: 10.13433/j.cnki.1003-8728.20200086

PCA-TOPSIS法在不锈钢电弧增材工艺参数优化中的应用

doi: 10.13433/j.cnki.1003-8728.20200086
基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目(51975264)、江苏省研究生科研与实践创新计划项目(SJCX19_0702)、江苏理工学院横向项目(KYH18058)及江苏理工学院横向项目(KYH19178)资助
详细信息
    作者简介:

    姜宇杰(1994−),硕士研究生,研究方向为不锈钢电弧增材制造,121697807@qq.com

    通讯作者:

    陈菊芳,教授,硕士生导师,jfchen@jsut.edu.cn

  • 中图分类号: TG156

Application of PCA-TOPSIS Method to Optimization of Processing Parameters in Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing of Stainless Steel

  • 摘要: 为了提高不锈钢电弧增材工艺的增材效率,利用308不锈钢丝材在304不锈钢基体上进行电弧增材。利用正交试验法设计工艺参数,运用光学显微镜分析增材组织的形貌,通过显微硬度计测试增材组织的显微硬度分布。依据熔覆层的熔池尺寸,采用PCA-TOPSIS法作为评价方法。以熔宽、余高最大,熔深最小为优化目标,通过MATLAB计算得出最佳工艺参数为电弧电流I = 200 A,焊接速度Vs = 42 cm/min,送丝速度Vf = 180 cm/min。结果表明,该工艺参数下的熔覆层与基体呈现良好的冶金结合,无气孔和裂纹等缺陷。
  • 图  1  电弧增材设备

    图  2  电弧增材试样表面形貌

    图  3  电弧增材熔覆层示意图

    图  4  试样9增材层轮廓组织图

    图  5  试样9金相组织

    图  6  试样9显微硬度

    表  1  基材和丝材的化学成分

    元素 基材304不锈钢 焊丝308不锈钢
    C ≤0.08 ≤0.08
    Mn ≤2.00 ≤2.00
    P ≤0.045 ≤0.045
    S ≤0.03 ≤0.03
    Si ≤1.0 ≤0.75
    Cr 18.0 ~ 20.0 19.0 ~ 21.0
    Ni 8.0 ~ 10.5 10.0 ~ 12.0
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  电弧增材工艺参数

    等级因素
    焊接电流I/A焊接速度
    Vs /(cm·min−1)
    送丝速度
    Vf /(cm·min−1)
    118014130
    219028180
    320042230
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  正交试验方案

    序号因素水平
    IVsVf
    1111
    2122
    3133
    4212
    5223
    6231
    7313
    8321
    9332
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  4  正交试验设计及结果

    序号I/AVs /(cm·min−1)Vf /(cm·min−1)B/mmH/mmh/mm
    1180141308.531.641.88
    2180281804.061.291.18
    3180422305.290.751.10
    4190141808.501.653.13
    5190282305.981.110.91
    6190421305.340.191.15
    72001423010.881.282.71
    8200281307.191.060.95
    9200421805.451.260.4
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  5  正交试验的数据分析

    参数B/mmH/mmh/mm
    k1k2k3rk1k2k3rk1k2k3r
    I/A33.933.139.26.26.24.96.01.26.98.76.81.9
    Vs/(cm·min−1)46.532.826.819.77.65.83.73.912.95.14.48.5
    Vf/(cm·min−1)35.134.136.92.84.87.05.22.26.67.97.91.2
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  6  主成分对应的贡献率

    主成分贡献率
    熔宽B0.02
    余高H0.2
    熔深h0.72
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  7  决策矩阵

    序号B/mmH/mmh/mm
    10.0080.090.115
    20.0040.070.180
    30.0050.040.194
    40.0080.090.065
    50.0060.060.238
    60.0050.010.187
    70.0100.070.079
    80.0070.060.223
    90.0050.070.533
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  8  熔池尺寸的相对接近度

    序号${D^ - } $${D^ + } $${C^ + } $
    10.0950.4180.18
    20.1300.3530.27
    30.1330.3420.28
    40.0800.4680.15
    50.1800.2970.38
    60.1220.3550.26
    70.0620.4540.12
    80.1660.3110.35
    90.4720.0210.96
    下载: 导出CSV
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  • 收稿日期:  2019-12-16
  • 网络出版日期:  2021-04-16
  • 刊出日期:  2021-04-16

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