Analysis and Design of Electric Safety in Micro-BEV Rear Crash
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摘要: 以某微型纯电动汽车为研究对象,分析其高压电气系统的结构特点,对高压线束进行细化建模,建立了含高压电气系统部件的整车有限元分析模型,选取后部追尾和柱撞两种碰撞工况进行仿真。结果表明,纯电动汽车在后部碰撞工况下高压线束受到破坏以及高压电部件存在安装支架强度不足的问题。进行改进设计后根据碰撞时高压电气系统的损伤情况,确立了纯电动汽车碰撞断电保护控制条件,制定了高压电安全防护控制策略,确保整车的高压电安全。Abstract: Taking a micro-pure electric vehicle(BEV) as the research object, the paper analyzes the structural characteristics of the high-voltage system(HVS), refines modeling of the high-voltage harness, establishes the finite element model of the vehicle with HVS components, selects the rear-end crash and the rear-cylinder crash. By simulation, as a results, the high-voltage harness is damaged and the strength of the mounting bracket is insufficient in the high-voltage electrical components. After the improved design, according to the damage condition of the HVS in crash, the control conditions of the crash and power-off protection of the BEV were established, and the high-voltage electric safety protection control strategy was formulated to ensure the safety of the high-voltage electric power of the vehicle.
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Key words:
- BEV /
- crash simulation /
- high voltage safety /
- power failure protection
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要求 GB/T 18384.1-2015电动汽车安全要求(动力电池) GB/T 31498-2015电动汽车碰撞后安全要求(整车) 绝缘电阻、
防触电没有交流电路或有交流电路但有防护绝缘电阻,
Ri与它的最大工作电压之比应小于100 Ω/V。碰撞结束后的5~60 s,V1,V2,Vb分别小于
30 VAC或60 VDC。有交流电路且没有附加防护,应小于500 Ω/V 碰撞结束后5~60 s,Ex < 0.2 J,Ey1+Ey2 < 0.2 J。 移动距离 REESS连接端子间的爬行距离不大于
0.25 U+5 mm碰撞后,REESS布置在乘员舱内不能出现位置移动,部件应保持于外壳内;舱外的REESS部件不能侵入到乘员舱。 有害物质泄漏 排放危害气体浓度不会达到潜在危害浓度 碰撞结束后的30 min内,不能出现电解液溢入乘员舱,电解液溢出量小于5 L。 产生的热量 REESS需要进行基于电流、电压或温度的监控 碰撞结束的30 min内不能发生起火、爆炸。 过电流断开 REESS在一定条件下能够断开REESS电路 间接接触的电流大于0.2 A时其电阻应小于0.1 Ω。
直接接触满足IPXXB级别保护。表 2 断电控制策略矩阵
序号 工况 断电需求 1 碰撞速度≤23 km/h的100%后部全宽碰撞 无 2 碰撞速度≥29 km/h的100%后部全宽碰撞 有 3 碰撞速度≤23 km/h的后部柱面碰撞 无 4 碰撞速度≥29 km/h的后部柱面碰撞 有 -
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