摘要:
针对某型外圆磨床的床身结构,根据有限元分析的结构分析结果改进其结构缺陷,采取降低导轨过渡壁高度、设计独立液压箱、改变支承位置等措施,在提高床身刚度的同时减轻了床身质量。对于改进后的床身结构,以多工况下加权应变能之和最小为目标进行拓扑优化设计,得到床身内部加强筋板的最佳分布形式,再以试验设计(DOE)作为灵敏度分析的方法筛选出对床身质量和应变能影响关键的尺寸变量,构建以床身质量最小为目标的尺寸优化数学模型,以序列二次规划算法(SQP)完成最终的尺寸优化。优化结果显示,优化后新床身的刚度较原床身提高了2.49倍,质量减少22.14%,实现了高刚度、轻质量的床身优化设计。
关键词:
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结构分析 /
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拓扑 /
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灵敏度分析 /
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刚度
Abstract:
In this paper,the structural design optimization method for a cylindrical grinding machine tool bed structure is studied so as to make it possible to obtain an eco-efficient structure.The optimum design process includes three steps in the following.Firstly,the static stiffness of the original bed is analyzed by structural analysis-finite element method.And several defects are found and specific improvement approaches are presented.As a result,a bed structure is improved.The higher the stiffness,the lighter the weight is.Secondly,the positions of the stiffener plates inside the modified bed structure are optimized by topology optimization method.The optimization result shows that four stiffener plates should be located inside the bed structure.Finally,the sizing optimization is implemented to achieve the lightest structure.Several dimension variables that contribute to the mass and strain energy of the bed structure more critically are selected by using the sensitivity analysis.And the model is constructed to optimize the bed structure.The sequential quadratic programming algorithm is adopted to solve the present problem,and the optimal bed structure is obtained.By reanalyzing the optimized bed structure,the stiffness is 2.49 times better than the original one,and the weight reduces by 22.14%,in which the optimization design in high stiffness and light weight is realized.
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