Two Sound Source Separation and Power Calculation Methods Combined with Three-dimensional Sound Intensity and Vibration Velocity Beamforming
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摘要: 针对难以准确分离同频率双声源及计算声功率值的问题，提出三维声强矢量与质点振速的常规波束形成技术结合的声源识别方法，应用于同频率双声源的定位与声功率分离中。利用三维声强矢量特性求解各探头中心处质点振速与声强值；将质点振速引入常规波束形成对各声源定位；将定位结果代入三维声强矢量分解法中，构建声强、声功率的非线性方程组，求解得各声源声功率值。在半消声室内进行实验，实验结果表明：质点振速波束形成的声源定位方法可行，三维声强矢量方程组求解各声源声功率值误差在5%以内。Abstract: Aiming at the problem of separation of two sound sources with the same frequency and calculation of sound power, a sound source recognition method combining three-dimensional sound intensity vector with conventional beamforming technology of particle vibration velocity is proposed, which is used for sound source localization and sound power separation. The particle vibration velocity and the sound intensity value are solved by the sound intensity characteristics; the particle vibration velocity is introduced into the conventional beamforming to locate the sound source; the positioning result is substituted into the nonlinear equation system of sound intensity and sound power to solve the sound power value of each sound source. Experiments in a semi-anechoic chamber show that the sound source positioning method of particle vibration velocity beamforming is feasible, and the error of solving the sound power value is within 5%.
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图 9 不同频率下振速波束形成的双声源定位图
Figure 9. Dual sound source localization diagram of vibration velocity beamforming at different frequencies
表 1 声强探头阵列实验所测声强分量
Table 1. Sound intensity component measured by sound intensity probe array experiment 1×10−7 W/m2
声源频率 探头1 探头2 探头3 探头4 探头5 探头6 探头7 探头8 探头9 $ {I_{Tx}} $ 2.0242 7.6755 15.362 27.561 41.935 18.364 14.972 41.935 19.311 $ {I_{Ty}} $ 16.580 16.599 16.686 17.249 17.671 −7.2005 4.6022 17.671 43.327 $ {I_{Tz}} $ 108.33 107.76 108.08 110.13 131.11 106.99 107.53 113.11 114.24 
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表 2 各探头声功率值计算结果
Table 2. Calculation results of sound power of each probe
声源 实验平均值/W 真实值/W 误差/% 1 13.5270×10−6 14.2001×10−6 4.7401 2 2.9882×10−6 3.0523×10−6 2.1000
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