飞机上刹车杆仿竹轻量化结构及响应面法优化

张霄昕; 王琦; 何国毅; 杨辉

doi:10.13433/j.cnki.1003-8728.20220278

飞机上刹车杆仿竹轻量化结构及响应面法优化

doi: 10.13433/j.cnki.1003-8728.20220278

1.
南昌航空大学飞行器工程学院，南昌　330063

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目（11862017）

详细信息

作者简介:
张霄昕，硕士研究生，zxx9782@163.com

通讯作者:
王琦，教授，博士，wangqi439@126.com

中图分类号: V226 ⁺ .3
计量
- 文章访问数: 41
- HTML全文浏览量: 13
- PDF下载量: 1
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-03-08
- 刊出日期: 2024-03-25

Response Surface Optimization on Bamboo-like Lightweight Structure of Aircraft Brake Rod

1.
School of Aircraft Engineering, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, China

摘要

摘要: 起落架是飞机重要的部件之一，为降低结构重量和应力集中现象，结合3D打印技术的发展，在总质量不增加和外形尺寸不突破的前提下，将原十字结构改为空心圆柱结构，并参考竹结构，给出了两种起落架上刹车杆仿生结构，采用响应面法进行了进一步的参数寻优。仿真分析结果表明：采用仿竹结构后，两种仿竹结构质量分别降低了17%和14.98%，最大等效应力值分别降低了57.34%和57.90%。说明仿竹结构对降低最大等效应力具有非常好的作用。本优化方法对杆件轻量化设计具有实际意义，并可推广使用。
- 结构轻量化 /
- 仿竹结构 /
- 数值仿真 /
- 响应面法 /
- 优化
Abstract: The landing gear is one of the important components of the aircraft. In order to reduce the structural weight and stress concentration, combined with the development of 3D printing technology, on the premise of no increase in the total mass and no breakthrough in the overall dimension, the original cross structure is changed into a hollow cylinder structure. With reference to the bamboo structure, two bionic structures of brake rod on landing gear are designed, and further parameter optimization is carried out by using the response surface method. The simulation results show that the quality of the two bamboo-like structures is reduced by 17% and 14.98%, respectively, and the maximum equivalent stress is reduced by 57.34% and 57.90%, respectively. It shows that the imitation bamboo structure has a good effect on reducing the maximum equivalent stress. The optimization method has practical significance for the lightweight design of rod structure, and can be popularized.
- lightweight structure /
- imitation bamboo structure /
- numerical simulation /
- response surface method /
- optimization

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图 1 运八的主起落架结构及十字上刹车杆位置

Figure 1. The structure of the main landing gear and the position of the cross-shaped brake rod of Y-8 aircraft

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图 2 十字上刹车杆

Figure 2. The cross-shaped brake rod

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图 3 十字拉杆的静力分析

Figure 3. Static analysis of the cross-shaped brake rod

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图 4 圆柱状上刹车杆

Figure 4. Cylindrical brake rod

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图 5 竹截面和仿生结构截面

Figure 5. Bamboo cross-section and bamboo-like structure cross-section

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图 6 刹车杆设计参数的定义

Figure 6. Definition of brake rod design parameters

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图 7 各个函数响应面

Figure 7. Response surfaces of functions

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图 8 优化后截面形状

Figure 8. Cross-section after optimization

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表 1 Ⅰ型仿生刹车杆设计参数

Table 1. Design parameters of type I biomimetic brake rod

参数	优化内容	初始值	取值范围
X₁	外层支撑筋厚度	2	1.6 ~ 3.6
X₂	内层支撑筋厚度	4	2 ~ 4
X₃	圆柱内槽直径	35	30 ~ 40
X₄	1/2圆柱空腔深度	160	130 ~ 175

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表 2 Ⅱ型仿生刹车杆设计参数

Table 2. Design parameters of type Ⅱ biomimetic brake rod

参数	优化内容	初始值	取值范围
X₁	第一层支撑筋厚度	2.3	2.3 ~ 3.3
X₂	第二层支撑筋厚度	2.3	2.3 ~ 3.3
X₃	第三层支撑筋厚度	2.3	2.3 ~ 3.3
X₄	第四层支撑筋厚度	2.3	2.3 ~ 3.3
X₅	圆柱空腔直径	35	28 ~ 38
X₆	1/2圆柱空腔深度	160	130 ~ 175

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表 3 Ⅰ型仿生刹车杆3组最优解

Table 3. Three optimal solutions for Type I biomimetic brake rod

参数	候选点1	候选点2	候选点3
X₁/mm	1.77	1.82	1.82
X₂/mm	2.89	2.89	2.90
X₃/mm	39.71	39.69	39.73
X₄/mm	173.88	174.20	173.70
最大等效应力预测值/MPa	460.96	458.45	462.22
最大变形量预测值/mm	0.69978	0.69845	0.69937
最大等效应力有限元计算值/ MPa	456.58	458.74	463.23
最大变形量有限元计算值/mm	0.70013	0.69876	0.69969
质量/kg	5.7601	5.763 0	5.7641

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表 4 Ⅱ型仿生刹车杆3组最优解

Table 4. Three optimal solutions for Type Ⅱ biomimetic brake rod

参数	候选点1	候选点2	候选点3
X₁/mm	2.36	2.30	2.34
X₂/mm	2.52	2.51	2.51
X₃/mm	2.49	2.47	2.49
X₄/mm	2.35	2.36	2.37
X₅/mm	37.760	37.756	37.758
X₆/mm	174.80	174.21	174.55
最大等效应力预测值/MPa	460.55	462.27	461.15
最大变形量预测值/mm	0.67083	0.67037	0.67050
最大等效应力有限元计算值/ MPa	450.92	467.65	452.74
最大变形量有限元计算值/mm	0.67111	0.67193	0.67122
质量/kg	5.9075	5.9098	5.9102

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表 5 刹车杆优化前后性能对比

Table 5. Performance comparison of brake rod before and after optimization

类型	最大等效应力/MPa	最大变形量/mm	单位变形量/%	质量/kg
十字上刹车杆	1069.20	0.55162	0.101	6.9409
Ⅰ型仿生刹车杆优化前	502.79	0.63573	0.116	6.3095
Ⅰ型仿生刹车杆优化后	456.58	0.70013	0.129	5.7601
Ⅱ型仿生刹车杆优化前	521.20	0.62868	0.115	6.2868
Ⅱ型仿生刹车杆优化后	450.92	0.67111	0.124	5.9075

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