Torsional Vibration Analysis and Influencing Factors of Power Split Hybrid Transmission System
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摘要: 针对某款混合动力汽车，综合考虑发动机、电机、复合行星齿轮机构、离合器、减速器、差速器和半轴等部件，采用集中质量法建立功率分流传动系统动力学模型。在此基础上，分析不同运行工况下传动系统固有频率和振型，分别研究电机和发动机激振频率与传动系统固有频率之间的关系，仿真分析扭转减振器刚度对传动系统固有频率的影响规律，通过改变扭转减振器刚度从而使得传动系统共振转速远离发动机常用工作区。Abstract: For a hybrid electric vehicle, considering the engine, motor, composite planetary gear mechanism, clutch, reducer, differential and half shaft, the dynamic model of power split transmission system is established with the centralized mass method. On this basis, the natural frequency and vibration mode of the transmission system under different operating conditions are analyzed, the relationship between the excitation frequency of motor, engine and the natural frequency of the transmission system is studied respectively, and the influence law of torsional damper stiffness on the natural frequency of the transmission system is simulated and analyzed. Finally, by changing the stiffness of the torsional shock absorber, the resonant speed of the transmission system is adjusted far away from the common working area of the engine.
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图 1 混合动力汽车传动汽车传动系统结构
Figure 1. Structure of hybrid electric vehicle's transmission system
图 3 拉维娜式复合行星轮系结构图
Figure 3. Structure diagram of Lavina type composite planetary gear system
图 8 纯电动工况1 ~ 3阶振型图
Figure 8. 1-3th order vibration modes of pure electric operating conditions
图 9 纯电动工况4 ~ 7阶振型图
Figure 9. 4-7th order vibration modes of pure electric operating conditions
图 10 混动中低速工况1 ~ 4阶振型图
Figure 10. 1-4th order vibration modes of hybrid medium and low speed operating conditions
图 11 混动中低速工况5 ~ 8阶振型图
Figure 11. 5-8th order vibration modes of hybrid medium and low speed operating conditions
图 12 混动高速巡航工作模式1 ~ 4阶振型图
Figure 12. 1-4th order vibration modes of hybrid high-speed cruise operation mode
图 13 混动高速巡航工作模式5 ~ 8阶振型图
Figure 13. 5-8th order vibration modes of hybrid high-speed cruise operation mode
图 16 飞轮等效转动惯量与2阶振幅变化曲线
Figure 16. Equivalent moment of inertia of flywheel and second order amplitude variation curve
图 17 车轮转动惯量与3阶振幅变化曲线
Figure 17. Wheel moment of inertia and third order amplitude variation curve
图 18 扭转减振器刚度对2阶固有频率影响曲线
Figure 18. Influence curve of torsional shock absorber stiffness on second order natural frequency
图 19 扭转减速器刚度与发动机共振转速关系曲线
Figure 19. Relationship curve between torsional reducer stiffness and engine resonance speed
表 1 齿轮副啮合刚度
Table 1. Gear pair meshing stiffness
齿轮副 啮合刚度108/（N·m−1） 小太阳轮−短行星齿轮 2.21 小太阳轮−短行星齿轮 3.36 短行星齿轮−长行星齿轮 3.64 短行星齿轮−内齿圈 3.67 外齿圈−减速器 4.33 减速器−差速器 8.75 
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表 2 传动系统各部件参数
Table 2. Parameters of various components of the transmission system
参数名称 数值 飞轮等效转动惯量/（kg·m2） 0.28 行星架转动惯量/（kg·m2） 0.0041 小太阳轮电机E1等效转动惯量/（kg·m2） 0.029 大太阳轮电机E2等效转动惯量/（kg·m2） 0.039 齿圈等效转动惯量/（kg·m2） 0.0056 减速器等效转动惯量/（kg·m2） 0.0062 差速器等效转动惯量/（kg·m2） 0.021 驱动轮转动惯量/（kg·m2） 1.82 整车质量/kg 1300 车轮半径/m 0.32 扭转减振器刚度/（Nm·rad−1） 610 行星架轴刚度/（Nm·rad−1） 500 左半轴扭转刚度/（Nm·rad−1） 4312 右半轴扭转刚度/（Nm·rad−1） 5434 车轮扭转刚度/（Nm·rad−1） 4500
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表 3 电动工况传动系统固有频率
Table 3. Natural frequency of electric working condition transmission system
阶数 频率/Hz 1 6.23 2 69.01 3 506.93 4 2322.18 5 2322.18 6 4020.73 7 4427.19 8 4427.19
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表 4 混动中低速工况传动系统固有频率
Table 4. Natural frequency of hybrid medium and low speed transmission system
阶数 频率/Hz 1 6.39 2 31.42 3 69.01 4 737.92 5 2535.37 6 2535.37 7 3313.78 8 4399.44
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表 5 电动工况传动系统固有频率
Table 5. Natural frequency of electric working condition transmission system
阶数 频率/Hz 1 6.38 2 31.41 3 69.01 4 736.46 5 2346.53 6 2346.53 7 3554.4 8 4436.58
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