Multi-objective Optimization of Emergency Battery Box for Bullet Train
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摘要: 针对动车组的应急蓄电池箱的安全问题和轻量化设计要求,综合多个优化目标对其进行优化分析。将主要部件的厚度作为设计变量,以应急蓄电池箱的总质量和和恶劣工况下的应力最小为优化目标,以其第1阶固有频率为约束函数,使用Box-Behnken设计方法获取样本数据。利用样本数据建立低阶多项式响应面模型,结合第三代非支配排序遗传算法(NSGA-Ⅲ)进行多目标优化。结果表明: 相较于单一的响应面法或遗传算法,本文采用的响应面法与遗传算法结合的方式,使得优化后的参数更加合理,轻量化和安全性均得到了保障。
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关键词:
- 响应面模型 /
- NSGA-Ⅲ /
- Box-Behnken设计 /
- 轻量化 /
- 安全性
Abstract: Aiming at the safety problem and lightweight design requirements of train-set emergency battery box, the optimization analysis was carried out by integrating multiple optimization objectives. The thickness of the main components was taken as the design variables, the total mass of the emergency battery box and the minimum stress under harsh conditions were taken as the optimization objectives, and the first-order natural frequency was taken as the constraint function. The sample data were obtained by Box-Behnken design method. A low-order polynomial response surface model was established based on the sample data, and multi-objective optimization was carried out using the third-generation non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-Ⅲ). The results show that compared with the single response surface method or genetic algorithm, the combination of response surface method and genetic algorithm adopted in this paper makes the optimized parameters more reasonable, lightweight and safety are guaranteed.-
Key words:
- response surface model /
- NSGA-Ⅲ /
- Box-Behnken design /
- lightweight /
- security
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表 1 选取的9个板的厚度
Table 1. Thicknesses of selected nine plate
序号 编号 厚度/mm 1 X1 2.0 2 X2 2.0 3 X3 3.0 4 X4 4.0 5 X5 4.0 6 X6 5.6 7 X7 5.0 8 X8 7.0 9 X9 7.0 表 2 设计变量的初始值及上下限值
Table 2. Initial values and upper and lower limits of design variables
编号 下限值/mm 初始值/mm 上限值/mm X2 1.0 2.0 3.0 X4 2.0 4.0 6.0 X7 3.0 5.0 7.0 X8 5.0 7.0 9.0 X9 5.2 7.2 9.2 表 3 Box-Behnken试验设计表
Table 3. Box-Behnken test design
参数 组1 组2 组3 组4 组5 X2/mm 1.0 1.0 3.0 3.0 1 X4/mm 2.0 6.0 2.0 6.0 4 X7/mm 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 3 X8/mm 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7 X9/mm 7.0 7.2 7.0 7.2 7.2 质量M/103 kg 1.28 1.31 1.29 1.32 1.28 von Mises应力S/MPa 138 144 141 147 137 1阶固有频率/Hz 31.0 31.1 35.3 34.6 31.0 表 4 原始值与优化后值的对比
Table 4. Comparison between the original value and the optimized value
参数名 初始值 优化后值 变化量/% X2/mm 2.00 1.00 -50 X4/mm 4.00 2.00 -50 X7/mm 5.00 3.00 -40 X8/mm 7.00 5.00 -29 X9/mm 7.20 6.32 -12.2 M/103 kg 0.61 0.58 -5.0 S/MPa 142.8 130.4 -8.7 f1/Hz 31.4 30.8 -1.9 -
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