摇动半径与中心抬刀对电火花加工效果影响的试验研究

李殿新; 刘建勇; 张慧杰; 杨晓宇

doi:10.13433/j.cnki.1003-8728.20220200

摇动半径与中心抬刀对电火花加工效果影响的试验研究

doi: 10.13433/j.cnki.1003-8728.20220200

1.
北京石油化工学院机械工程学院，北京　102617

基金项目: 北京市科技新星计划（20230484429）与北京石油化工学院致远科研基金项目（2023003）

详细信息

作者简介:
李殿新，副教授，博士，lidianxin@bipt.edu.cn

通讯作者:
刘建勇，教授，硕士生导师，博士，ljy_18778@163.com

中图分类号: V261.6 + 1
计量
- 文章访问数: 37
- HTML全文浏览量: 16
- PDF下载量: 10
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-11-08
- 网络出版日期: 2024-03-08
- 刊出日期: 2024-02-01

Experimental Study on Influence of Sway Radius and Cutting-tool Center Lifting on EDM Effect

1.
School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology, Beijing 102617, China

摘要

摘要: 为了提升电火花加工系统的性能，开发出基于PC平台、能够实现高速复杂抬刀、多轴联动摇动加工的电火花成形加工数控系统。在中心抬刀模式下，加入摇动半径分别为30 μm、60 μm、90 μm的摇动模式，对比了不同模式下的试验结果。在90 μm摇动模式下，对比了中心抬刀与非中心抬刀下的试验结果。结果表明：随着摇动半径的增大，加工时间变长、加工蚀除率下降、加工后孔的直径和深度变大但孔的直径偏差变小、底部圆角半径变小、电极损耗率下降，但表面粗糙度基本相同；中心抬刀会延长加工时间、降低加工蚀除率、减小孔直径并降低孔的直径误差、减小电极损耗率，对底部圆角直径、加工深度、表面粗糙度的影响不大。
- 电火花加工 /
- 摇动模式 /
- 中心抬刀 /
- 电极损耗 /
- 加工精度
Abstract: In order to improve the performance of electrical discharge machining (EDM) system, numerical control system of EDM was developed via PC platform. The cutting tool can be raised with high speed, and the axises can be sway machined under linkage control. In this paper, the cutting tool was set under center lifting mode, and the sway radiuses were set at 30 μm, 60 μm, and 90 μm, respectively. Then, the experimental results under different modes were compared. Setting the sway radius at 90 μm, the experimental results with and without cutting-tool center lifting mode were compared. The sway radiuses results show that, with the increasing of sway radius, the processing time extends and the machining etching rate decreases. Deviation of diameters and radius of bottom fillet decreases, although diameter and depth of the holes increased after machining. Despite the changes in sway radius, the surface roughness was basically the same and electrode loss rate decreased with the increasing of sway radius. Under the cutting-tool center lifting mode, efficiently, machining etching rate, electrode loss rate, diameters and deviation of diameters decrease. Radius of bottom fillet, machining depth and surface roughness was basically the same.
- EDM /
- sway mode /
- center lifting /
- electrode loss /
- machining accuracy

HTML全文

图 1 电火花数控加工系统

Figure 1. EDM CNC machining system

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图 2 电极及工件效果

Figure 2. Effects of electrode and workpiece

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图 3 加工效率对比

Figure 3. Comparison of machining efficiency

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图 4 加工蚀除率对比

Figure 4. Comparison of processing and etching rates

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图 5 孔直径对比

Figure 5. Comparison of hole diameters

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图 6 底部圆角半径尺寸

Figure 6. Radius size of bottom fillet

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图 7 加工效率对比

Figure 7. Comparison of machining efficiency

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图 8 加工蚀除率对比

Figure 8. Comparison of processing and etching rates

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图 9 孔直径对比

Figure 9. Comparison of hole diameters

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图 10 底部圆角半径尺寸

Figure 10. Radius size of bottom fillet

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表 1 直径偏差统计

Table 1. Statistics of diameter deviation

加工模式	直径偏差/mm
无摇动	0.079
30 μm摇动	0.080
60 μm摇动	0.062
90 μm摇动	0.055

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表 2 加工深度对比

Table 2. Comparison of processing depth

加工模式	加工深度/mm
无摇动	19.952
30 μm摇动	19.989
60 μm摇动	20.028
90 μm摇动	20.021

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表 3 表面粗糙度对比

Table 3. Comparison of surface roughness

加工模式	表面粗糙度/μm
无摇动	3.063
30 μm摇动	3.047
60 μm摇动	2.965
90 μm摇动	3.014

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表 4 电极损耗对比

Table 4. Comparison of electrode loss

参数	无摇动	30 μm 摇动	60 μm 摇动	90 μm 摇动
电极加工前质量/g	35.346	33.726	32.832	34.552
电极加工后质量/g	35.262	33.647	32.754	34.481
电极损耗质量/g	0.084	0.079	0.078	0.071
工件去除质量/g	12.77	12.919	13.084	13.216
电极损耗率/%	0.658	0.611	0.596	0.537

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表 5 电极损耗结果

Table 5. Electrode loss results

参数	中心抬刀	非中心抬刀
电极加工前质量/g	34.552	33.766
电极加工后质量/g	34.481	33.684
电极损耗质量/g	0.071	0.082
工件蚀除质量/g	13.216	12.923
电极损耗率/%	0.537	0.634

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