Unbalanced Vibration Response Analysis of Nuclear Power Submarine Permanent Magnet Motor Considering its Accuracy Grade
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摘要: 针对低速巡航下核动力潜艇永磁电机转子振动控制要求高、且因永磁体结构磁干扰难以通过动平衡机进行不平衡量控制的问题,提出一种从加工工艺精度来减少转子结构不平衡振动响应的分析方法,以满足潜艇巡航时低振动隐蔽性的需求。首先根据零部件加工工艺情况,构建出五种典型加工工艺的公差模型,揭示加工精度等级与转子结构不平衡量之间的内在关系,然后采用有限元法,建立典型加工工艺下转子不平衡激励下的动力学模型,通过稳态同步响应分析得出转子的振动响应图谱,最后根据振动响应值大小来评价加工精度等级对转子振动的影响程度,找出巡航状态89 r/min额定转速下电机转轴同轴度加工精度对电机振动幅值影响最大,而电机转轴端面平面度的影响最小。论文结论可为在满足装配需求前提下转子加工精度等级的优化提供参考。Abstract: Aiming at the problems that the permanent magnet motor of the nuclear-powered submarine under low-speed cruise has high vibration reduction requirements and the magnetic interference make it difficult to control the unbalance by the balancing machine, an analytical method for reducing the unbalanced vibration response of rotor structures is proposed by improving machining process accuracy, to meet to good disguise requirement of the submarine. Firstly, according to the processing technology, a tolerance model for five typical machining processes is constructed, and the intrinsic relationship between machining tolerances and rotor unbalance is revealed. Then, the finite element method is used to establish the dynamic model under the unbalanced excitation of the rotor. The vibration response map of the rotor is obtained by the steady-state synchronous response analysis. Finally, according to the vibration response value, the influence degree of the machining process on the rotor vibration is evaluated, find out the crucible state 89 r/min rated speed motor shaft coaxiality processing accuracy has the greatest impact on the motor vibration amplitude, and the influence of the flatness of the shaft end face is the smallest. The conclusion can provide reference for the selection and optimization of rotor machining accuracy grade under the premise of meeting assembly requirements.
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表 1 5种典型加工工艺对应的回转半径
Table 1. Rotation radius of 5 typical machining processes
名称 作用区域 回转半径/mm 圆跳动 轴颈端面 350 同轴度 转轴表面 330 平面度 转轴端面 270 偏移量 支架 430 对称度 支架环 1000 -
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