轨道车辆制动防滑控制系统数值建模与验证

朱文健; 余朝刚; 朱文良

doi:10.13433/j.cnki.1003-8728.20220126

轨道车辆制动防滑控制系统数值建模与验证

doi: 10.13433/j.cnki.1003-8728.20220126

上海工程技术大学城市轨道交通学院, 上海 201620

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目 52072266

国家自然科学基金项目 U1534205

详细信息

作者简介:
朱文健(1996-), 硕士研究生, 研究方向为列车制动防滑控制, 2260857526@qq.com

通讯作者:
朱文良, 讲师, 硕士生导师, 10080008@sues.edu.cn

中图分类号: U270.35
计量
- 文章访问数: 43
- HTML全文浏览量: 59
- PDF下载量: 14
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-09-02
- 刊出日期: 2023-10-25

Numerical Modeling and Verification of Rolling Stock Braking Anti-skid Control System

School of Urban Railway Transportation, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China

摘要

摘要: 基于轨道车辆制动系统三位式防滑阀工作原理，建立防滑阀数学模型，进行充排气特性仿真分析；依次建立电空转换阀、紧急阀及中继阀等阀类数学模型，构建空气制动单元模型；针对制动防滑控制系统，建立防滑控制单元及制动动力学单元模型，结合空气制动单元模型搭建四轴车辆制动防滑控制数值仿真平台；利用数值仿真平台进行列车制动防滑性能仿真分析，并通过制动距离、车速及滑动量误差量3个指标与实车在线试验数据对比。结果表明：制动距离仿真值与试验值误差小于5%；车速仿真曲线和试验曲线吻合较好，二者任意时刻的差值小于3 km/h；各个滑动间隔内的滑动量误差平均值小于20%；三者均满足指标要求，验证了所建四轴车辆制动防滑控制模型的有效性。
- 轨道车辆 /
- 制动系统 /
- 防滑控制 /
- 数值建模
Abstract: Based on the working principle of the three-position anti-skid valve of the rolling stock braking system, a mathematical model of the anti-skid valve is established, and the simulation analysis of the charging and exhaust characteristics is carried out; And the mathematical models of electro-pneumatic switching valves, emergency valves, and relay valves are established in order to construct air brake unit models; Then, for the brake anti-skid control system, the anti-skid control unit and brake dynamics unit models are established, combined with the air brake unit model to build a four-axle vehicle braking anti-skid control numerical simulation platform. Finally, the numerical simulation platform is used to simulate and analyze the braking anti-skid performance of the train, and compare with actual vehicle online test data through three indicators of braking distance, vehicle speed and slippage error. The results show that: the error between the braking distance simulation value and the test value is less than 5%; The vehicle speed simulation curve and the test curve are in good agreement, and the difference between the two at any time is less than 3 km/h; The average value of slippage error in each sliding interval is less than 20%. All three meet the indicator requirements, verifying the effectiveness of the built four-axle vehicle brake anti-skid control model.
- rolling stock /
- braking system /
- anti-skid control /
- numerical modeling

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图 1 防滑阀结构示意图

Figure 1. Diagram of anti-skid valve structure

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图 2 防滑阀数值模型耦合图

Figure 2. Diagram of numerical model coupling of anti-skid valve

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图 3 防滑阀Simulink仿真模型

Figure 3. Simulink simulation model of anti-skid valve

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图 4 充排气性能测试结果

Figure 4. Test results on charging and exhaust performance

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图 5 四轴车辆制动防滑控制数值仿真平台

Figure 5. Numerical simulation platform for four-axle vehicle braking and anti-skid control

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图 6 四轴车辆制动防滑控制数值仿真模型

Figure 6. Numerical simulation model of four-axle vehicle braking and anti-skid control

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图 7 列车速度仿真值、试验值及其差值曲线

Figure 7. Train speed simulation value and test value and their difference curves

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图 8 各轴轴速仿真值与试验值对比

Figure 8. Comparison between the simulation value and the test value of each axle speed

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表 1 仿真模型部分参数

Table 1. Some parameters of the simulation model

仿真参数	数值
进气口输入压力p_i/kPa	500
工作电压U/V	24
线圈匝数N	200
励磁线圈阻值R/Ω	20
磁路工作气隙最大长度δ_l/m	0.000 1
工作气隙横截面直径D/m	0.007
动铁芯质量m/kg	0.005
动铁芯所受气压作用直径d_i/m	0.004
运动阻尼系数C_i/(N·s·m^-1)	0.2
膜片质量m^′/kg	0.008
膜片最大位移x_imax^′/m	0.001
进气膜片左侧受力直径d_Hl^′/m	0.022
排气膜片左侧受力直径d_Rl^′/m	0.04

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表 2 制动性能参数的仿真值与试验值对比

Table 2. Comparison of simulation values and test values of braking performance parameters

参数	仿真	试验	误差
制动距离	713.42 m	712.09 m	0.19%
制动时间	44.82 s	44.72 s	0.22%
平均减速度	0.541 m/s²	0.542 m/s²	0.18%

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表 3 不同滑动间隔下的仿真与试验滑动量总和误差结果

Table 3. Error results of the sum of simulation and test sliding momentum at different sliding intervals

滑动间隔	车轴	AS_sim/%	AS_real/%	error_axle-n/%	E/%
0≤S<5%	1	48.84	37.36	30.72	19.19
	2	46.12	56.04	17.70
	3	45.86	53.85	14.83
	4	46.15	53.35	13.50
5%≤S<10%	1	42.98	42.76	0.52	18.96
	2	43.53	33.07	31.63
	3	43.71	35.26	23.94
	4	43.78	36.56	19.74
10%≤S<20%	1	7.55	19.38	61.02	17.82
	2	9.64	9.99	3.48
	3	9.20	9.79	5.99
	4	9.06	8.99	0.79
20%≤S<30%	1	0.63	0.50	25.70	16.73
	2	0.71	0.90	21.47
	3	1.23	1.10	11.52
	4	1.01	1.10	8.22
30%≤S	1	0.00	0.00	-	-
	2	0.00	0.00	-
	3	0.00	0.00	-
	4	0.00	0.00	-

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