挖掘机工作装置关节摩擦副动态接触特性分析

刘伟; 王子健; 陈雪辉; 李昊; 黄磊; 王可朝; 李威; 何鸿斌

doi:10.13433/j.cnki.1003-8728.20220124

挖掘机工作装置关节摩擦副动态接触特性分析

doi: 10.13433/j.cnki.1003-8728.20220124

1.
安徽建筑大学机械与电气工程学院, 合肥 230601
2.
合肥波林新材料股份有限公司, 合肥 230601

基金项目:

安徽省高校省级自然科学研究项目-重点项目 KJ2020A0489

安徽省重点研究与开发计划项目-面上攻关项目 202004a05020066

安徽省高校杰出青年科研项目 2022AH020025

详细信息

作者简介:
刘伟(1987-), 副研究员, 硕士生导师, 博士, 研究方向为机电产品摩擦学设计、机器人及智能装备, weiliu8202@163.com

中图分类号: TH113
计量
- 文章访问数: 63
- HTML全文浏览量: 33
- PDF下载量: 18
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-08-29
- 刊出日期: 2023-10-25

Analysis of Dynamic Contact Characteristics of Joint Friction Pair of Excavator Working Device

1.
School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230601, China
2.
Hefei Bolin Advanced Materials Co., Ltd., Hefei 230601, China

摘要

摘要: 挖掘机工作装置关节摩擦副直接关系到挖掘机的作业质量以及产品可靠性。针对挖掘机在使用过程中出现关节摩擦副耳板外翻以及端面磨损严重问题, 建立工作装置动力学模型, 并基于ADAMS进行了动力学仿真, 得到工作装置3个主要承重关节载荷谱数据, 同时加以应变片实验验证, 确保动力学仿真结果的正确性。在此基础上, 基于动力学仿真结果载荷谱数据, 应用ANSYS对工作装置的动臂-底座关节进行动态接触特性仿真分析。结果表明: 工作装置在挖掘过程启动和结束时候存在较大突变载荷, 对耳板产生冲击; 接触端面的峰值应力远低于材料许用应力, 端面破坏主要是由疲劳破坏造成; 接触磨损区域主要集中于一侧端面外边缘处, 伴随着相互之间的黏附, 端面的磨损由外向内将逐渐延伸。研究结果为挖掘机工作装置关节端面碰撞冲击、磨损分析以及关节接触优化提供依据。
- 挖掘机工作装置 /
- 关节摩擦副 /
- 动力学仿真 /
- 载荷谱 /
- 磨损
Abstract: The joint friction pair of excavator working device is directly related to the operation quality and product reliability of excavator. Aiming at the joint friction pair ear plate eversion and end face wear in the use of excavator, the dynamic model for working device is established, and the dynamic simulation is carried out via ADAMS to obtain the load spectrum of three main load-bearing joints of working device. At the same time, it is verified by using the strain gauge experiment to ensure the correctness of dynamic simulation results. Based on the load spectrum of dynamic simulation results, the dynamic contact characteristics of boom base joint of working device are simulated and analyzed by using ANSYS. The results show that the working device has a large sudden load at the start and end of the excavation process, which has an impact on the ear plate, the failure of joint end face is caused by fatigue failure, the contact wear area is mainly concentrated at the outer edge of one end face. With the adhesion between them, the wear of the end face will gradually extend from the outside to the inside. The conclusions provide a basis for the impact, wear analysis and joint contact optimization of the joint end face of the excavator working device.
- working device of excavator /
- joint friction pair /
- dynamic simulation /
- load spectrum /
- wear

HTML全文

图 1 挖掘机端面损坏图

Figure 1. Excavator section damage diagram

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图 2 工作装置动力学示意图

Figure 2. Schematic diagram of working device dynamics

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图 3 各液压缸行程图

Figure 3. Diagram of various hydraulic cylinders′ stroke

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图 4 挖掘机外载荷图

Figure 4. Diagram of excavator′s external load

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图 5 工作装置关节载荷谱

Figure 5. Working device joint load spectrum

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图 6 测量原理及接线方式

Figure 6. Measurement principle and wiring method

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图 7 静力学分析确定测量点

Figure 7. Static analysis to determine measurement points

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图 8 实验准备完成

Figure 8. Experimental preparation

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图 9 测量点实验与仿真数据对比

Figure 9. Comparison of measurement point experiments and simulation data

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图 10 动臂后支承和平台处端面摩擦副的接触示意图

Figure 10. Schematic diagram of the contact between the rear support of the boom and the end face friction pair at the platform

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图 11 动臂-底座关节有限元模型

Figure 11. Finite element model of boom-base joint

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图 12 端面最大应力点动态曲线

Figure 12. Dynamic curve of the maximum stress point on the terminal face

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图 13 端面接触状态与应力云图

Figure 13. Terminal contact state and stress nephogram

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图 14 端面磨损实样图

Figure 14. Solid sample plot of terminal face wear

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表 1 实验主要仪器

Table 1. Main experimental instruments

仪器	项目	数值
实验机	整机质量/kg	1.2×10³
	动臂长度/m	1.67
	斗杆/m	1.15
	铲斗容量/m³	0.045
	电阻值/Ω	120
三轴应变花120-3CA	基底尺寸/mm	10.5×10.5
	丝栅尺寸/mm	3.0×2.0
	灵敏度	2.0
DH3 818Y应变仪 PC数据回收端	采样率/Hz	1/2/5
应变片连接专用排线	线外径/mm	1.6
应变片连接专用排线	镀锌铜芯线/根	17

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表 2 实验与仿真峰值误差对比

Table 2. Comparison of experimental and simulation peak errors

参数	测量点
参数	1	2	3	4	5	6	7
实验值/MPa	66.32	57.57	45.79	122.36	40.18	55.27	86.85
仿真值/MPa	69.51	59.14	46.18	155.15	41.85	59.07	87.11
误差率/%	4.81	2.73	0.85	26.80	4.16	6.88	0.30

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表 3 35钢材料属性

Table 3. Material properties of 35 steel

杨氏模量/GPa	泊松比	密度/(kg·m^-3)
212	0.31	7 850

下载: 导出CSV

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