Parameters Matching of Multi-body Pantograph Considering Amplitude and Frequency Characteristics
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摘要: 针对受电弓的非线性特性对受电弓-接触网系统(以下简称弓网系统)的性能造成的影响,基于拉普拉斯变换和数值方法,建立了一种多体受电弓-接触网耦合动力学模型。分析了多体受电弓参数对受电弓幅频特性的影响,根据分析结果,对接触压力波动的原因进行了分析,提出了一种减小接触压力波动的策略。将受电弓的非线性运动方程在平衡位置处进行高阶展开,得到等效模型。将受电弓不同参数对接触压力的影响进行对比,得出所有参数中弓头刚度和框架质量敏感度最高,并进行了单变量匹配和多变量匹配,对比得出多变量匹配效果更优。仿真结果表明参数优化后受电弓接触压力波动明显减小,受流质量明显提高。Abstract: Aiming at the influence of nonlinear characteristics of pantograph on the performance of pantograph-catenary system (PCS), a multi-body pantograph-catenary coupling dynamics model is established based on Laplace transform and numerical methods. First, the influence of multi-body pantograph parameters on pantograph amplitude-frequency characteristics is analysed,and based on the analysis results, a strategy to reduce contact pressure fluctuations is proposed. Then, a Taylor expansion of the nonlinear motionequations of the pantograph is carried out near the equilibrium position to obtain an equivalent model. The effects of different pantograph parameters on the contact pressure are compared, and it is found that the bow head stiffness and frame mass are the most sensitive among all parameters, and single variable matching and multivariate matching are carried out, and the comparison finds that the optimal parameters obtained by multivariate matching effect are more realistic. Finally, Matlab numerical simulation is carried out, the simulation results show that the pantograph contact pressure fluctuation is significantly reduced and the current quality is significantly improved after parameter optimization.
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表 1 SS400 + 受电弓的的二质量块模型物理参数
Table 1. Physical parameters of the two-mass block model for the SS400+pantograph
名称 归算质量 名称 归算刚度 名称 归算阻尼 MH 6.1 kg KH 10400 N/m CH 10 Ns/m MF 10.154 kg KF 10600 N/m CF 0.8 Ns/m 表 2 仿真结果与EN50318标准模型对比
Table 2. Comparison of simulation results with the EN50318 standard model
参数 标准范围 仿真结果 车速/(km·h−1) 250 300 250 300 接触力平均值 110 ~ 120 110 ~ 120 118.993 118.569 接触力标准差 26 ~ 31 26 ~ 31 24.356 30.125 统计接触压力最大值 190 ~ 210 210 ~ 230 175.258 177.235 统计接触压力最小值 20 ~ 40 −5 ~ 20 52.365 32.154 实际接触力最大值 175 ~ 210 190 ~ 225 175.258 177.235 实际接触力最小值 50 ~ 75 30 ~ 55 52.365 32.154 表 3 不同KH下的标准压力差
Table 3. Standard pressure difference for different KH values
KH/(N·m−1) fz2/Hz fz2 − fd 压力标准差 20000 9.2370 −4.643 24.77 25000 10.317 −3.563 23.22 30000 11.293 −2.587 20.19 35000 12.192 −1.688 16.86 40000 13.029 −0.851 10.36 45000 13.816 −0.064 6.76 50000 14.560 0.68 10.56 55000 15.267 1.387 15.34 60000 15.944 2.064 22.46 65000 16.593 2.713 23.02 70000 17.217 3.337 23.23 表 4 不同MF下的压力标准差
Table 4. Standard deviation of pressure for different MF values
MF/kg 谐振频率/Hz fz2 − fd 压力标准差 10 17.217 3.337 26.15 15 15.387 1.507 22.32 20 14.389 0.509 18.39 25 13.757 −0.123 9.79 30 13.319 −0.561 15.36 40 12.751 −0.129 14.22 80 11.849 −0.031 22.35 100 11.661 −0.219 22.53 500 11.034 −0.846 25.34 -
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