Selection Method of Injection Processing Parameter by Using Grey Relational Analysis and D-S Evidence Theory
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摘要: 合理的压射工艺对于提高压铸生产效率和降低压铸件缺陷意义重大。本文针对压铸过程中的压射工艺参数的选择提出了基于灰色关联和D-S证据理论相融合的决策方法,摆脱了以往依托专家经验的试错法,使得压射工艺参数的选择更具有科学性。实验证明本文提出的方法在满足准确性的同时具有高效性。Abstract: Reasonable injection process is of great significance to improve the production efficiency and reduce the defects of die casting. In this paper, a decision method based on grey correlation and D-S evidence theory is proposed for selecting injection parameters in die casting. which is more scientific than the trial-and-error method relying on expert experience in the past. The experimental results show that the present method is not only accurate but also efficient.
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Key words:
- injection /
- parameter selection /
- grey relational analysis /
- D-S evidence theory
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表 1 压射工艺参数制定的影响因素
Table 1. Factors that influence the formulation of injection process parameters
影响因素 具体表现 本文考虑因素 产品模具相关参数 模具流道参数、模具溢流系统参数、模具排气系统参数、浇注金属液质量、铸件和溢流质量、铸件平均壁厚等 浇注金属液质量、铸件和溢流质量、铸件平均壁厚 材料相关参数 金属种类、浇注金属液密度、金属热膨胀系数、金属固相线温度、金属液相线温度等 浇注金属液密度、金属固相线温度、金属液相线温度 加工设备结构相关参数 锁模力、压射力、压室直径、压室长度、压室充满度等 压室直径、压室长度、压室充满度 辅助设备相关参数 模温机参数、浇注设备参数等 加工环境 环境温度、环境湿度等 表 2 历史压铸模式
Table 2. Historical die casting modes
历史压铸模式 证据种类 评价指标 综合评价得分 浇注金属液密度/(g·cm-3) 浇注金属液质量/g 铸件和溢流质量/g 金属固相线温度/℃ 金属液相线温度/℃ 铸件平均壁厚/mm 压室直径/mm 压室长度/mm 压室充满度 等效应力/MPa 孔隙率/% 1 1.81 595 608 470 595 1.0 70 130 0.66 104.5 2.654 369.9 2 1.81 637 658 470 595 1.0 80 105 0.67 101.8 2.657 367.5 3 1.81 686 710 470 595 1.5 70 150 0.66 104.8 2.701 374.9 4 2.20 789 813 554 650 1.8 70 140 0.67 103.3 2.671 370.4 5 2.20 864 879 554 650 2.0 60 205 0.68 107.9 2.654 373.3 6 2.20 981 998 554 650 2.2 80 140 0.63 104.3 2.756 379.9 7 2.55 1 210 1 229 629 654 2.3 70 260 0.47 107.7 2.734 381.1 8 2.55 1 341 1 366 629 654 2.3 60 365 0.51 105.7 2.706 376.3 9 2.55 1 453 1 478 629 654 2.6 70 450 0.33 103.7 2.754 379.1 10 2.60 1 522 1 550 638 657 2.7 60 510 0.41 107.9 2.754 383.3 11 2.60 1 633 1 657 638 657 2.7 70 430 0.38 103.9 2.812 385.1 12 2.60 1 768 1 790 638 657 2.8 60 575 0.42 103.3 2.873 390.6 13 2.75 1 937 1 993 643 654 3.0 60 620 0.40 105.7 2.987 404.4 14 2.75 2 145 2 195 643 654 3.5 60 555 0.50 106.2 2.934 399.6 15 2.75 2 400 2 415 643 654 3.8 70 650 0.35 107.1 3.107 417.8 表 3 最终融合结果
Table 3. Final fusion results
模式 融合结果 模式 融合结果 1 1.03×10-10 9 2.21×10-1 2 3.04×10-13 10 1.08×10-1 3 9.15×10-10 11 4.46×10-1 4 9.53×10-6 12 9.62×10-2 5 4.65×10-6 13 4.55×10-2 6 1.33×10-5 14 8.45×10-3 7 4.25×10-2 15 7.03×10-3 8 3.22×10-2 未知 6.78×10-3 表 4 压射工艺参数和综合评价结果对比
Table 4. Comparison of results
压射工艺参数 理论计算公式 D-S证据理论 本文方法 实际生产调试 慢压射行程/mm 272 317 340 335 慢压射速/(m·s-1) 0.14 0.23 0.22 0.20 快压射行程/mm 148 108 92 94 快压射速/(m·s-1) 2.98 3.80 4.10 4.30 增压行程/mm 40 35 28 31 综合评价得分 572.3 425.7 392.4 383.2 -
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