面向整车平顺性的商用车平衡悬架结构分析与优化设计研究

唐竞; 许恩永; 何水龙

doi:10.13433/j.cnki.1003-8728.20200371

面向整车平顺性的商用车平衡悬架结构分析与优化设计研究

doi: 10.13433/j.cnki.1003-8728.20200371

唐竞^1,,
许恩永¹,
何水龙^{1, 2, ,}

1.
东风柳州汽车有限公司，广西柳州　545005
2.
桂林电子科技大学，机电工程学院，广西桂林　541004

基金项目: 广西创新驱动发展科技重大专项（AA18242033）、广西重点研发计划项目（AB21196029）及柳州市科学研究与技术开发计划课题（2020GAAA0404，2021AAA0104，2021AAA0112）

详细信息

作者简介:
唐竞（1972−），高级工程师，学士，研究方向为汽车设计，tangj@dflzm.com

通讯作者:
何水龙，副教授，硕士生导师， xiaofeilonghe@163.com

中图分类号: U464
计量
- 文章访问数: 61
- HTML全文浏览量: 71
- PDF下载量: 10
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-07-28
- 刊出日期: 2021-11-05

Research on Structural Analysis and Optimal Design of Commercial Vehicle Tandem Suspension with Vehicle Ride Comfort

TANG Jing^1
,,
XU Enyong¹,
HE Shuilong^{1, 2
, ,}

1.
Dongfeng Liuzhou Motor Co., Ltd., Liuzhou 545005, Guangxi, China
2.
School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, Guangxi, China

摘要

摘要: 为研究平衡悬架板簧与车桥连接方式对整车平顺性的影响，以国产某重型商用车为研究对象，分别建立滑板座及橡胶墩连接方式下整车刚柔耦合动力学模型并进行平顺性仿真对比，数据揭示橡胶墩连接方式下整车平顺性优于滑板座状态但仍有改善空间。建立以中桥振动传递路径下多测点三向平顺性为目标函数、橡胶墩平动及旋转刚度系数为优化变量及平衡悬架动行程为约束条件的数学模型。应用多软件耦合计算方法将动力学模型、多岛遗传算法、优化变量、目标函数及约束条件集成于多学科优化平台以开展橡胶墩刚度优化。对比优化前后橡胶墩刚度参数下整车平顺性响应，结果表明：橡胶墩刚度参数优化后整车平顺性较优化前提升约9%且主要源于中高频振动降低。
- 整车平顺性 /
- 商用车 /
- 平衡悬架 /
- 耦合计算 /
- 多体动力学 /
- 优化算法
Abstract: To explore the influence of the connection between the leaf spring of balanced suspension and axle on vehicle ride comfort, a heavy commercial vehicle made is taken as the research object. The sliding and rubber connection modes were developed and applied to the coupled dynamics model. Further, the simulations are carried to obtain the ride comfort data that shows the vehicle ride comfort with the rubber mode is better than sliding mode but still have improved space. A mathematical model, with the three-directional ride comfort of multi-point under the axle vibration transfer path as the objective function, the rubber translational and rotational stiffness coefficient as optimization variables, and suspension working space as the constraint conditions, was established. Next, the dynamic model, multi-island genetic algorithm, optimization variables, objective function, and constraint conditions are integrated into a multidisciplinary optimization platform to optimize the stiffness of rubber with a multi-software coupling calculation method. Finally, comparing the ride comfort response under the rubber stiffness parameters before and after optimization, illustrating the ride comfort has improved by about 8% with the optimized stiffness parameters. Besides, the improvement is mainly due to the reduction of medium-high frequency vibration.
- vehicle comfort /
- commercial vehicles /
- balanced suspension /
- coupling calculation /
- multibody dynamics /
- optimization algorithm

HTML全文

图 1 平衡悬架结构图

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 平衡悬架多体动力学模型

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 整车刚柔耦合多体动力学模型

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 频率加权均方根值

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 振动加速度传递路径测点频率加权均方根值

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 基于多软件耦合计算优化模型

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 座椅导轨振动加速度频率加权均方根值

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 8 平衡悬架对应车架各向振动加速度优化前后频域对比

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 优化前后平衡悬架橡胶墩刚度对比

优化变量	优化前	优化后
x向平动/(N·mm⁻¹）	1000	600
y向平动/(N·mm⁻¹)	1000	680
z向平动/(N·mm⁻¹)	1000	600
绕x轴旋转/(N·mm·(°)⁻¹)	9000	6500
绕y轴旋转/(N·mm·(°)⁻¹)	9000	6500
绕z轴旋转/(N·mm·(°)⁻¹)	9000	6000

下载: 导出CSV

参考文献(15)

[1]	郭鸿瑞. 新结构板簧支架总成在重型自卸车中的应用[J]. 汽车实用技术, 2015(7): 5-6 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-7988.2015.07.003 GUO H R. The new structure of the leaf spring bracket assembly used in heavy-duty dump truck in[J]. Automobile Applied Technology, 2015(7): 5-6 (in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-7988.2015.07.003
[2]	段松林. 考虑平衡悬架配合间隙的重型汽车动力学分析[D]. 合肥: 合肥工业大学, 2017 DUAN S L. Dynamical analysis of heavy-duty truck considering the clearance of balanced suspension[D]. Hefei: Hefei University of Technology, 2017 (in Chinese)
[3]	冯国雨. 商用车推力杆性能优化与疲劳寿命预测研究[D]. 长春: 吉林大学, 2016 FENG G Y. Performance optimization and fatigue life prediction of commercial vehicle thrust rod[D]. Changchun: Jilin University, 2016 (in Chinese)
[4]	靳建龙, 孙桓五. 重型商用车平衡悬架系统运动学分析[J]. 汽车实用技术, 2020(13): 125-128 JIN J L, SUN H W. Kinematic research on tandem suspension system for heavy-duty commercial vehicle[J]. Automobile Applied Technology, 2020(13): 125-128 (in Chinese)
[5]	马骏昭. 带平衡悬架的四轴重型商用车平顺性分析与优化[D]. 合肥: 合肥工业大学, 2016 MA J Z. The analysis and optimization on the ride comfort performance of four-axle heavy commercial vehicle with balanced suspension[D]. Hefei: Hefei University of Technology, 2016 (in Chinese)
[6]	曹卫锋, 拓耀飞. 多轴重载车辆在坡道上的动力载荷分析研究[J]. 武汉理工大学学报, 2018, 42(3): 407-411 CAO W F, TUO Y F. Study on dynamic load analysis of Multi-axle Heavy load vehicle on the ramp[J]. Journal of Wuhan University of Technology, 2018, 42(3): 407-411 (in Chinese)
[7]	王孝鹏. 平衡悬架精准建模与推杆特性研究[J]. 机械设计与制造, 2020(5): 214-217, 223 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-3997.2020.05.052 WANG X P. Study on the characteristics of push rod base on balanced suspension model[J]. Machinery Design & Manufacture, 2020(5): 214-217, 223 (in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-3997.2020.05.052
[8]	陈运广, 朱庆晓. 基于ADAMS对商用车推力杆布置及整车平顺性的仿真分析和探讨[J]. 重型汽车, 2018(1): 17-18 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-211X.2018.01.007 CHEN Y G, ZHU Q X. The simulation analysis and discussion of thrust rod layout and ride comfort of commercial vehicle based on ADAMS[J]. Heavy Truck, 2018(1): 17-18 (in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-211X.2018.01.007
[9]	秦玉英, 李志勇, 宋韩韩, 等. 重型汽车的板簧刚度验证及平顺性仿真分析[J]. 辽宁工业大学学报, 2016, 36(3): 191-194 QIN Y Y, LI Z Y, SONG H H, et al. Simulation of heavy-duty truck' s ride comfort and verification of leafing spring stiffness[J]. Journal of Liaoning University of Technology, 2016, 36(3): 191-194 (in Chinese)
[10]	居刚, 王凯峰, 陈兴华. 某重型商用车双后桥横向位移问题浅析[J]. 汽车实用技术, 2017(21): 149-150, 165 JU G, WANG K F, CHEN X H. The brief analysis of certain heavy commercial truck double rear axle's lateral displacement[J]. Automobile Applied Technology, 2017(21): 149-150, 165 (in Chinese)
[11]	戴振泳, 李涛, 宋廷伦, 等. 不同平顺性评价指标对悬架最优阻尼比的影响[J]. 科学技术与工程, 2020, 20(21): 8798-8803 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-1815.2020.21.055 DAI Z Y, LI T, SONG T L, et al. Influence of different ride comfort evaluation metrics on the optimal suspension damping ratio[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2020, 20(21): 8798-8803 (in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-1815.2020.21.055
[12]	刘昌文, 徐天舒, 李涛, 等. 基于人车耦合动力学模型的重型卡车平顺性仿真与优化[J]. 天津大学学报, 2020, 53(7): 736-744 LIU C W, XU T S, LI T, et al. Simulation and optimization of heavy truck ride comfort based on a human-vehicle coupling dynamics model[J]. Journal of Tianjin University, 2020, 53(7): 736-744 (in Chinese)
[13]	高坤明, 秦志昌, 郭宗和, 等. 基于多目标遗传算法的主动悬架滑模控制器设计[J]. 三峡大学学报, 2020, 42(3): 106-112 GAO K M, QIN Z C, GUO Z H, et al. Design of active suspension sliding mode controller based on multi-objective genetic algorithm[J]. Journal of China Three Gorges University, 2020, 42(3): 106-112 (in Chinese)
[14]	胡启国, 骆艳丽. 基于多种群遗传算法的主动座椅LQG控制器优化[J]. 噪声与振动控制, 2020, 40(2): 1-6 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-1355.2020.02.001 HU Q G, LUO Y L. Optimization of active seat LQG controllers based on multiple population genetic algorithm[J]. Noise and Vibration Control, 2020, 40(2): 1-6 (in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-1355.2020.02.001
[15]	张志飞, 刘建利, 徐中明, 等. 面向平顺性与道路友好性的商用车悬架参数优化[J]. 汽车工程, 2014, 36(7): 889-893 ZHANG Z F, LIU J L, XU Z M, et al. Optimization on suspension parameters for the ride comfort and road friendliness of commercial vehicle[J]. Automotive Engineering, 2014, 36(7): 889-893 (in Chinese)