Study on Kriging Approximate Prediction Model for Residual Stress in Girdle Welding of Vertical Pipe
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摘要: 深海立管的焊接残余应力严重影响结构的服役寿命和安全性能。以立管用X65管线钢作为研究对象，建立有限元模型，选择双椭球热源模型模拟移动热源，采用生死单元法模拟焊料填充过程，进行环焊缝焊接过程模拟得到管道焊接残余应力场的分布规律。通过正交试验优化设计焊接工艺参数，在有限元分析基础上确定焊接残余应力，进行简化假设而建立了残余应力Kriging近似预测模型，对比分析了模型预测结果和有限元计算结果，发现一致性高。因而可通过此模型预测不同工艺参数下的残余应力数值，其表现出较高的工程应用价值。Abstract: As an important part of the floating platform, the deep-sea riser connects the offshore oil and gas resources closely with the offshore platform. The welding residual stress will affect the mechanical properties of the pipe and its fatigue damage life. The finite element model for deep-sea riser of API5LX65 pipeline steel is established by using MSC. Marc software, and the filling process is simulated by using the moving double ellipsoid heat source model and the birth and death element method, and the seam welding process for pipe simulated with the thermal-mechanical coupling method, and the welding residual stress and temperature field distribution are obtained. The variation in residual stress under different parameters was obtained by using the single factor analysis with control variable method. On the above-mentioned, the welding process parameters were selected as the influencing parameters for orthogonal experimental design to obtain sample points, the welding residual stress was taken as the response parameters, Kriging numerical model was established and the response surface was plotted, and the present finite element model was applied and the accuracy via Kriging model was compared. The Kriging model can replace the finite element model for quickly and accurately predicting the residual stress in the welding process under different parameters, which has a significance in engineering.
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Key words:
- vertical pipe /
- finite element method /
- residual stress in welding /
- Kriging model
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表 1 X65管线钢力学属性
温度/℃ 屈服强度/MPa 弹性模量/GPa 热膨胀系数 泊松比 20 570 207 11.5 0.275 100 483 204 12.09 0.275 300 329 192 13.37 0.280 500 241 174 14.66 0.3 700 186 137 15.49 0.32 900 132 103 17.44 0.375 1 000 105 86 18.25 0.375 1 300 34 40 21 0.4 1 495 22 30 21.9 0.45 1 500 22 20 22 0.45 
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表 2 X65管线钢的热学属性
温度/℃ 导热系数/(W·(m·K)-1) 比热容/(J·(kg·K)-1) 20 70 4.73 200 51.6 5.15 400 36.4 5.48 500 29.3 5.69 1 200 25.3 6.91 1 300 26.1 6.91
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表 3 双椭球热源形状参数
参数 第一层 第二层 第三层 前长a1/mm 2 9 10 后长a2/mm 1.5 6 6 熔宽b/mm 4.5 4.5 4.5 熔深c/mm 18 18 18
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表 4 正交试验变量及响应值
试验 工艺参数 响应参数 U/V I/A V/(mm·s-1) σ1/MPa σ2/MPa σ3/MPa 1 30 220 6.67 433.66 525.93 -231.98 2 30 235 8.33 409.03 547.59 -199.55 3 30 250 10 355 555.98 -171.09 4 35 220 8.33 442.08 536.82 -216.51 5 35 235 10 412.62 550.75 -190.23 6 35 250 6.67 288.47 497.08 -286.56 7 40 220 10 449.47 543.76 -203.22 8 40 235 6.67 268.05 481.37 -299.5 9 40 250 8.33 299.38 517.3 -268.63
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表 5 有限元结果分析对比
工艺参数 σ1/MPa σ2/MPa σ3/MPa U/V I/A V/(mm·s-1) FEA Kriging FEA Kriging FEA Kriging 31 225 7.5 445.12 434.53 536.45 536.13 -217.88 -221.88 34 245 8 397.74 405.89 536.51 533.62 -239.52 -237.04 32 230 8.4 429.34 431.27 544.33 546.30 -205.88 -207.06 38 246 9.5 414.63 408.62 541.69 544.82 -224.18 -228.46 37 241 9 413.93 409.56 542.25 543.09 -229.88 -230.40 36 232 6.8 308.11 312.28 511.66 509.52 -274.06 -276.98 33 228 7.7 430.61 424.05 528.88 537.25 -226.83 -226.98
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