接触式R-test测量仪的标定和球心坐标计算方法研究

彭炳康; 赵淑军; 江磊; 朱绍维

doi:10.13433/j.cnki.1003-8728.20190281

接触式R-test测量仪的标定和球心坐标计算方法研究

doi: 10.13433/j.cnki.1003-8728.20190281

1.
西南交通大学机械工程学院, 成都 610031
2.
成都飞机工业(集团)有限责任公司, 成都 610092

基金项目:

四川省科技厅2020重点研发项目 2020YFG0122

详细信息

作者简介:
彭炳康(1995-), 硕士研究生, 研究方向为五轴数控机床旋转轴误差测量, BingKangPeng@163.com

通讯作者:
江磊, 副教授, 硕士生导师, 博士, 382260595@qq.com

中图分类号: TH702
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- 文章访问数: 333
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- PDF下载量: 23
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2019-04-30
- 刊出日期: 2020-09-01

Research of Calibration and Spherical Coordinate Calculation Method for Contact R-test Measurement Instrument

1.
School of Mechanical Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
2.
Chengdu Aircraft Industrial(Group) Co., Ltd., Chengdu 610092, China

摘要

摘要: 接触式R-test测量仪是一种利用3个接触式位移传感器测量安装在机床主轴上的精密测量球相对于工作台的三维位移的装置，可用于检测五轴数控机床旋转轴的几何误差、联动误差等。如何提高测量仪的标定和球心坐标计算精度是R-test开发的难点。为此，研究了接触式R-test测量仪的结构模型和测量坐标系构建方法，并在测量坐标系中利用机床直线轴的高精度微量移动构建测量仪的在机标定模型，并推导了球心坐标的精确计算模型。最后，通过开发样机进行实际测量，验证所提出方法的精度和可行性。
- 接触式 /
- R-test /
- 标定 /
- 球心坐标 /
- 计算
Abstract: The contact R-test is a device for measuring the three-dimensional displacement of a precision measurement ball mounted on a machine tool spindle with respect to a table by using three contact displacement sensors. It can be used to measure the geometric error and linkage error of the rotary axis of a five-axis CNC machine tool. How to improve the calibration and spherical coordinates calculation accuracy of the measuring instrument is difficult in R-test development. Therefore, the structural model for the contact R-test measurement instrument and the construction method of the measurement coordinate system were studied. And the on-line calibration model for the measurement instrument is constructed by using the high-precision micro-movement of the machine tool linear axis in the measurement coordinate system, and the exact calculation model for the spherical coordinates is derived. Finally, the actual measurement is carried out by developing a prototype to verify the accuracy and feasibility of the present methods.
- contact style /
- R-test /
- calibration /
- spherical coordinate /
- calculation

HTML全文

图 1 接触式R-test测量仪结构模型图

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图 2 传感器i与测量球的位置关系示意图

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 接触式R-test测量仪标定与测量球球心坐标计算流程

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 接触式R-test测量仪现场实验图

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表 1 差分进化算法(DEA)参数设定

参数	设定
种群数NP	40(传感器位置标定)/30(球心坐标计算)
维数D	3
变异算子F	0.5
交叉算子CR	CR_min=0.3, CR_max=0.9
变异方法	自适应变异算子
交叉方法	自适应交叉算子
收敛容许误差	1.00×10^-10
最大允许迭代次数	1 000

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 不同种群数对DEA求解速度的影响

种群数NP	运行时间/s	理想精度/μm	结束原因
20	1.015	0.1	达到收敛判断标准
30	1.180	0.01
40	1.376	0.01
50	1.520	0.01

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表 3 球心标定点位置的实际坐标和传感器读数

标定点	标定点实际坐标P			传感器读数l_i/mm
标定点	x	y	z	传感器1	传感器2	传感器3
P₁	0.179	0.260	0.247	0.5073	0.8994	0.5381
P₂	0.118	0.030	0.214	0.5296	0.6925	0.6529
P₃	-0.265	0.019	-0.172	0.6200	0.3066	0.2818
P₄	-0.286	-0.229	0.070	0.7702	0.2590	0.5930
P₅	0.242	0.185	-0.267	0.1541	0.5867	0.3117
P₆	0.263	0.120	0.068	0.3291	0.7351	0.5622

下载: 导出CSV

表 4 传感器位置 mm

传感器序号	x_i1	y_i1	z_i1
1	14.694 3	-0.437 6	-10.386 9
2	-7.569 1	-12.777 3	-10.171 0
3	-7.124 5	12.669 2	-10.617 6

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表 5 球心在验证点位置的各传感器读数 mm

验证点	l₁	l₂	l₃
1	0.464 4	0.377 0	0.200 7
2	0.695 6	0.307 8	0.590 7
3	0.872 9	0.704 5	0.434 5

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表 6 球心验证点的计算坐标与实际坐标对比

验证点	计算坐标/mm			实际坐标/mm			最大测量误差/μm
验证点	x	y	z	x′	y′	z′	最大测量误差/μm
1	-0.139 5	0.120 7	-0.270 1	-0.140	0.121	-0.270	0.5
2	-0.205 0	-0.195 0	0.055 5	-0.205	-0.195	0.055	0.5
3	-0.246 7	0.201 1	0.286 6	-0.247	0.201	0.286	0.6

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