Evaluation and Control for Vibration Safety Performance of Battery Case Bolts in Electric Vehicles
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摘要: 为提高电动汽车动力电池箱体振动环境下结构连接可靠性和完好性，建立了一套完整的螺栓振动松弛仿真评价及控制流程。首先采用试验测试与仿真模拟结合的方法，建立了螺栓动态响应仿真分析高精度计算模型。然后以谐波失真度评价结果作为参照，提出将螺杆单元的应变能响应均方根值作为螺栓振动松弛评估参数。最后参照国标要求，对某电池箱体螺栓振动松弛性能进行了评价，并通过优化螺栓间距和预紧力提高了电池箱体螺栓连接可靠性。上述研究成果可作为电池箱体开发前期一种有效的安全性能预测评估手段。Abstract: In order to improve the structural connection reliability and integrity under vibration environment of the electric vehicle battery case, a complete evaluation and control process of the bolt vibration relaxation was established. Firstly, by combining the test and simulation, a high-precision calculation model for bolt dynamic response simulation analysis is established. Then, taking the result of harmonic distortion evaluation as reference, to take strain energy response RMS value as the bolt vibration relaxation evaluation parameter is proposed. Finally, according to the requirements of national standards, the vibration relaxation performance of a battery case bolt was evaluated, and the bolt connection reliability was improved by optimizing the bolt spacing and pre-tightening force. The above-mentioned results can be used as an effective simulation method for predicting and evaluating the safety performance of battery case in the early stage of development.
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表 2 电池箱体螺栓单元应变能均方根值统计
螺栓单
元编号应变能均
方根值/J螺栓单
元编号应变能均
方根值/JA 7.47×10−6 G 1.38×10−3 B 2.16×10−5 H 3.47×10−3 C 1.05×10−5 I 3.89×10−3 D 1.76×10−4 J 6.17×10−4 E 2.93×10−4 K 3.19×10−4 F 1.42×10−3 L 4.89×10−4 
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表 3 优化电池箱体螺栓单元应变能均方根值统计
螺栓单
元编号应变能均
方根值/J螺栓单
元编号应变能均
方根值/JA 7.13×10−6 I 5.47×10−4 B 2.08×10−5 J 6.53×10−4 C 1.03×10−5 K 1.13×10−3 D 1.64×10−4 L 1.74×10−3 E 2.39×10−4 M 6.24×10−4 F 3.92×10−4 N 3.10×10−4 H 5.12×10−4 O 4.71×10−4
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