Research on Optimal Cutting Speed Range of Active Magnetic Suspension Electric Spindle
-
摘要: 为研究主动磁悬浮电主轴在不同速度区间内的振型和振幅对工件加工精度的影响过程和机理,基于转子动力学、电磁学和金属切削理论,采用有限元法对"磁悬浮轴承-主轴"系统在切削过程中的一系列物理现象进行理论分析和定量解释。结果表明:系统振型是影响系统运行品质及加工质量的重要因素;主轴的最佳切削速度由主轴的振型、工件形位精度及系统在负载激励下的动态响应共同决定;工件的实际形位精度由系统在负载激励下的最大单向振动响应幅值决定。Abstract: In order to study influence of vibration mode and the amplitude of active magnetic suspension spindle in different speed ranges on the impact process and the mechanism of workpiece machining precision, based on the rotor dynamics, electromagnetism and metal cutting theories, the finite element method is employed to analyze theoretically and interpret quantitatively a series of physical phenomena in the process of cutting for magnetic levitation bearing spindle system. The results show that the vibration mode of the system is an important factor affecting the quality of system operation and processing. The optimal cutting speed of the spindle is determined by the vibration mode of the spindle, the shape and position accuracy of the workpiece and the dynamic response of the system under load excitation. The actual form and position accuracy of the workpiece is determined by the maximum amplitude of unidirectional vibration response of the system under load excitation.
-
Key words:
- magnetic bearing /
- motorized spindle /
- modal analysis /
- vibration response /
- machining accuracy /
- finite element method /
- simulation
-
表 1 前6阶固有频率、临界转速与振型
阶数 频率f/Hz 临界转速/(r·min-1) 振型 1 982.37 58 942.2 摆动 2 1 824.3 109 458 弯曲 3 2 195.4 131 724 弯曲 4 2 195.5 131 730 摆动 5 2 368.5 142 110 弯曲 6 2 852.9 171 294 弯曲 -
[1] Xie Z Y, Yu K, Wen L T, et al. Characteristics of motorized spindle supported by active magnetic bearings[J]. Chinese Journal of Aeronautics, 2014, 27(6):1619-1624 http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=hkxb-e201406031 [2] Madhura S, Govindaraju T V. Design and testing of an active magnetic bearing[J]. International Journal of Advance Research in Science and Engineering, 2017, 6(10) [3] Majorov S V, Makhova N N. Optimum control of the active magnetic bearing for various parameters of the program movement[J]. IOP Conference Series:Materials Science and Engineering, 2017, 233(1):012042 http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=IOP_9359680 [4] Su T J, Li T Y, Tsou T Y, et al. Proportional-integral-derivative/fuzzy sliding mode control for suspension of active magnetic bearing system[J]. Advances in Mechanical Engineering, 2017, 9(12):1-8 [5] Zhang M S. Dynamics and control of an active magnetic bearing-rotor system with time delay[M]//Xing S, Chen S T, Wei Z M, et al. Unifying Electrical Engineering and Electronics Engineering. New York: Springer, 2014: 1887-1894 [6] 张钢, 孔奎, 黄阳, 等.永磁悬浮电机转子-轴承系统的动力学特性分析[J].轴承, 2017(2):33-36 http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/zc201702009Zhang G, Kong K, Huang Y, et al. Dynamic analysis on the rotor system of permanent magnetic generator in consideration of prestress[J]. Bearing, 2017(2):33-36(in Chinese) http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/zc201702009 [7] 裴旷怡, 孔奎, 黄阳, 等.永磁悬浮电机轴承-转子系统动力学分析[J].工业控制计算机[J].2016, 29(1):93-95 http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/gykzjsj201601041Pei K Y, Kong K, Huang Y, et al. Dynamic analysis on bearing-rotor system of permanent magnetic motor[J]. Industrial Control Computer, 2016, 29(1):93-95(in Chinese) http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/gykzjsj201601041 [8] 孙兴伟, 路英园, 孙凤, 等.可变磁路式永磁悬浮系统的动力学特性研究[J].中国机械工程, 2014, 25(20):2782-2787 http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/zgjxgc201420016Sun X W, Lu Y Y, Sun F, et al. Research on dynamics performance of permanent magnet suspension system with variable magnetic circuit[J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2014, 25(20):2782-2787(in Chinese) http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/zgjxgc201420016 [9] 吴华春, 余海涛, 胡帅, 等.同极永磁偏置径向磁悬浮轴承特性分析[J].轴承, 2018(7):40-45 http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/zc201807010Wu H C, Yu H T, Hu S, et al. Analysis on characteristics of homo-polar permanent biased radial magnetic bearings[J]. Bearing, 2018(7):40-45(in Chinese) http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/zc201807010 [10] 钟一谔.转子动力学[M].北京:清华大学出版社, 1987Zhong Y E. Rotor dynamics[M]. Beijing:Tsinghua University Press, 1987(in Chinese)