Modeling of Multi Flexible Body Dynamics for Metro Bogie
-
摘要: 为更加系统真实的研究地铁转向架动力学性能,从多柔体动力学角度出发,以某B型转向架为例,建立了包含转向架、车体及轨道的多柔性动力学模型,研究了全新的非线性空气弹簧动力学模型建立方法和部件间运动耦合定义方法,使用轮轴转速驱动和轮轨接触方式进行速度加载,采用显示动力学计算方法,得到动态运行下平稳性指标和动应力并与实验进行对比,结果表明:实验与仿真结果基本一致,该建模方法准确可靠,能为转向架动力学研究提供是一种新的思路。Abstract: In order to study the dynamics performance of the metro bogie system more systematically and realistically, a multi-flexible dynamic model for Metro bogie, body and track based on the multi-body dynamics was established taking a B-type bogie as an example. The specific contents included the new non-linear air spring dynamics model and the coupling motion method among components, in which the model was loaded by wheel speed drive and wheel-rail contact so as to be more consistent with the reality. With the display dynamics method, the stability index and the dynamic stress under dynamic operation were obtained and compared with the experimental results. The results show that the experimental results are in a good agreement with the simulated. The present modeling is accurate and reliable, which can provide a new idea for studying bogie dynamics.
-
Key words:
- metro bogie /
- multi flexible body dynamics /
- modeling /
- stability /
- dynamic stress
-
表 1 部件间连接方式
部位名称 Ls-dyna连接方式 车轮-车轴 EXTRA_NODE(固定) 车轴-轴箱 REVOLUTE(转动副) 轴箱转臂节点-轴箱座 CONTACT(接触) 轴箱-一系减震器-构架 SPHERICAL(球副) 二系减震器-构架 SPHERICAL(球副) 空气弹簧-二系减震器 SPHERICAL(球副) 空气弹簧-构架 RIGID(固定) 空气弹簧-车体 EXTRA_NODE(固定) 牵引拉杆-构架 REVOLUTE(转动副) 表 2 频率修正函数
方向 频率范围f/Hz 修正函数F(f) 0.5~5.9 0.325f2 垂向 5.9~20 400/f2 20 1 0.5~5.4 0.325f 2 横向 5.4~26 650/f2 >26 1 表 3 轨道客车平稳性评定标准
平稳性等级 评定 平稳性指标W 1级 优 < 2.5 2级 良好 2.5~2.75 3级 合格 2.75~3.0 表 4 转向架平稳性系数
加速度/(m·s-2) 平稳性W 垂向 最大 0.774 2.36 平均 0.423 1.97 横向 最大 1.097 2.31 平均 0.419 1.94 表 5 动应力测试设备
序号 规格型号 精度/% 1 imc busDAQ-X-ET+DCB8 0.1 2 imc CRSL-4-MTC124645 0.1 3 imc C1-MTC-ET123828 0.1 表 6 加速度试验结果及与仿真结果的对比
(m·s-2) 方向 试验结果 仿真结果 误差 平均 最大 平均 最大 平均 最大 垂向 0.39 0.69 0.423 0.774 8.46% 12.17% 横向 0.39 0.98 0.417 1.097 7.43% 11.9% 表 7 转向架仿真与试验最大应力对比
测点 仿真最大应力/MPa 试验最大应力/MPa 误差/% 测点1 36.5 32.4 12.6 测点2 96.7 94.7 2.1 测点3 135.8 125.6 8.1 测点4 83.6 79.8 4.7 测点5 85.7 78.1 9.4 测点6 29.6 26.2 12.9 -
[1] 刘晓静.地铁B型车转向架构架强度分析与研究[D].北京: 北京交通大学, 2010Liu X J. Structural strength analysis and research on metro vehicle bogie frame of B style[D]. Beijing: Beijing Jiaotong University, 2010(in Chinese) [2] Kim J S, Kim N P. Structural assessment for bogie frame of 180km/h Korean tilting train[J]. Key Engineering Materials, 2005, 297-300:345-350 doi: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.297-300 [3] 罗彦云.80km/h速度等级B型地铁转向架的研究[D].成都: 西南交通大学, 2014Luo Y Y. Research on B-type metro bogie of 80km/h speed grade[D]. Chengdu: Southwest Jiaotong University, 2014(in Chinese) [4] 缪炳荣.基于多体动力学和有限元法的机车车体结构疲劳仿真研究[D].成都: 西南交通大学, 2007Miao B R. Simulation research of locomotive carbody structure fatigue based on multibody dynamics and finite element method[D]. Chengdu: Southwest Jiaotong University, 2007(in Chinese) [5] Wang L H, Liu G W, Huang Y Y. Research on the dynamic characteristic of the bogie in dynamic track stabilizer on working conditions[J]. Advanced Materials Research, 2013, 605-607:1270-1273 http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.605-607.1270 [6] 赵天祺.副构架式转向架刚柔耦合动力学研究[D].成都: 西南交通大学, 2015Zhao T Q. Research on rigid-flexible coupling vehicle system dynamic for sub-frame bogie[D]. Chengdu: Southwest Jiaotong University, 2015(in Chinese) [7] 黄文虎, 邵成勋.多柔体系统动力学[M].北京:科学出版社, 1996Huang W H, Shao C X. Multi-flexible system dynamics[M]. Beijing:Science Press, 1996(in Chinese) [8] 胡志远, 曾必强, 谢书港.基于LS-DYNA和HyperWorks的汽车安全仿真与分析[M].北京:清华大学出版社, 2011Hu Z Y, Zeng B Q, Xie S G. Vehicle safety simulation and analysis based on LS-DYNA and HyperWorks[M]. Beijing:Tsinghua University Press, 2011(in Chinese) [9] 杨桂通, 张善元.弹性动力学[M].北京:中国铁道出版社, 1988Yang G T, Zhang S Y. Elastodynamics[M]. Beijing:China Railway Press, 1988(in Chinese) [10] 方凯, 王成国, 程慧萍, 等.一种新型高速客车空气弹簧的非线性有限元分析[J].铁道机车车辆, 2001, (6):8-9, 30 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1008-7842.2001.06.003Fang K, Wang C G, Cheng H P, et al. Non-linear finite element analysis of a new type of high-speed passenger airspring[J]. Railway Locomotive & Car, 2001, (6):8-9, 30(in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1008-7842.2001.06.003 [11] Suda Y, Wang W, Komine H, et al. Study on control of air suspension system for railway vehicle to prevent wheel load reduction at low-speed transition curve negotiation[J]. Vehicle System Dynamics, 2006, 44(S1):814-822 doi: 10.1080/00423110600886762 [12] Kamoshita S, Sasaki K, Kakinuma H, et al. A control method for hybrid tilting systems using tilting beams and air spring inclination[J]. Quarterly Report of RTRI, 2007, 48(1):1-7 doi: 10.2219/rtriqr.48.1 [13] 中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局, 中华人民共和国建设部.GB 50157-2003地铁设计规范[S].北京: 中国标准出版社划会2003General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China, Ministry of Construction of the PRC. GB 50157-2003 Code for design of metro[S]. Beijing: Standards Press of China, 2003(in Chinese) [14] 刘晓敏.典型轨道谱的仿真分析研究[D].长春: 吉林大学, 2009Liu X M. Research on simulation and analysis of typical track spectrum[D]. Changchun: Jilin University, 2009(in Chinese) [15] 国家标准局.GB 5599-1985铁道车辆动力学性能评定和试验鉴定规范[S].北京: 中国标准出版社, 1986National Bureau of Standards. GB 5599-1985 Railway vehicles; Specification for evaluation the dynamic performance and accreditation test[S]. Beijing: Standards Press of China, 1986(in Chinese)