Transmission Characteristics Analysis and Orthogonal Experimental Optimization of Permanent Magnet Eddy Current Coupling
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摘要: 以一台双盘式永磁涡流调速器为研究对象，理解了永磁涡流驱动机理，建立了三维瞬态磁场有限元模型。仿真结果表明：导体盘上三维磁密集中区域形状与永磁盘中永磁体形状几乎相同，磁密集中区域数目与永磁体极数相同；轭铁区域内的三维磁场分布为辐射带形状，磁密值高低区域相邻布局，导体盘上产生了与永磁体数目相等的涡流回路，相邻涡流区域涡流方向相反，中间部分涡流密度较低，相邻涡流回路交界处即正对应于永磁体处的涡流密度最高，平均转矩与转差呈现递增规律，两者之间线性数学关系非常显著。运用正交实验方法研究表明：在实验约束条件下因素主次顺序依次为磁极数、永磁体宽、永磁体长、永磁体厚，确定了永磁涡流调速器关于永磁体的最佳参数方案。结果表明：较原结构平均转矩提高了14.2%，转矩密度提高了18.0%，永磁体材料减少了3.2%。Abstract: This paper studies the permanent magnet eddy current coupling of a double disc and its mechanisms. It established the finite element model of its magnetic field; the three-dimensional transient calculation results show that the three-dimensional magnetic conductor of the double disk's density distribution, permanent magnet and magnetic flux density is similar in shape and concentration; the number of permanent magnet poles are equal. In addition, the yoke disc's three-dimensional magnetic field distribution has the shape of radiation and the level of flux density adjacent to the area of the layout. The conductor is generated and equals to the number of permanent magnet eddy current loops. The density of eddy current in the opposite direction of adjacent areas and in the middle part of the eddy current is low; the permanent magnet is located at that junction. The density of the eddy current loop in the adjacent area is the highest. When the slip increases, the average torque increases, and the slip is approximately linear with the mean torque. The simulation results show that the simulation model is accurate. The orthogonal experimental method shows that the orders of major and minor factors are the number of magnetic poles and the width, length and thickness of permanent magnet under experimental constraints. The optimal parameters of permanent magnet govern the permanent magnet eddy current. The results show that compared with the original structure, the average torque increases by 14.2%, the torque density increases by 18.0%, and the permanent magnet material decreases by 3.2%.
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Key words:
- permanent magnet /
- eddy current /
- transmission /
- orthogonal experiment /
- optimal design /
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表 1 仿真结果与实验结果比较(折合成单盘数据)
转差Δn/
(r·min-1)5 10 15 20 25 30 仿真值/
(N·m)18.9 37.5 54.4 70.9 86.9 102.0 实验值
/(N·m)17.8 36.2 52.3 66.5 83.3 96.8 结果误差/% 6.2 3.6 4.0 6.6 4.3 5.4 
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表 3 正交实验方案与仿真结果
试验编号 正交实验方案 仿真结果 A/mm B/mm C/mm D(极) 转矩密度/(kN·m-2) 1 70 35 28 8 109.2 2 70 38 32 10 110.3 3 70 41 36 12 101.8 4 76 35 32 12 109.1 5 76 38 36 8 91.2 6 76 41 28 10 81.0 7 82 35 36 10 94.0 8 82 38 28 12 122.0 9 82 41 32 8 99.6
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表 4 正交实验极差分析
分析指标 A B C D K1 321.3 312.3 312.0 300.0 K2 281.4 323.4 318.9 285.3 K3 316.6 282.3 287.1 332.7 k1 107.1 104.1 104.0 100.0 k2 93.8 107.8 106.3 95.1 k3 105.2 94.1 95.7 110.9 R 13.3 13.7 10.7 15.8
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表 5 验证试验结果与对比
试验 参数条件 平均转矩/(N·m) 永磁体体积/mm3 转矩密度/(kN·m-2) 1 A1B2C1D3 116.5 893 760 130.3 2 A2B2C2D2 102.0 924 160 110.4
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