硬地层复合钻头破岩特性与提速机理研究

李琴; 谢豆; 黄志强; 邓嵘; 于德良; 袁媛

doi:10.13433/j.cnki.1003-8728.2017.0304

硬地层复合钻头破岩特性与提速机理研究

doi: 10.13433/j.cnki.1003-8728.2017.0304

1.
西南石油大学机电工程学院, 成都 610500;
2.
长城钻探工程有限公司钻井二公司, 辽宁盘锦 121207

基金项目:

国家科技重大专项课题项目（2008ZX05022-006）资助

详细信息

作者简介:
李琴(1970-),副教授,硕士,硕士生导师,研究方向为石油天然气装备和测试控制,Eliteswpu@163.com

计量
- 文章访问数: 174
- HTML全文浏览量: 30
- PDF下载量: 10
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2015-06-04
- 刊出日期: 2017-03-05

Studying Rock Breaking Properties and Penetration Rate Improving Mechanisms for Hybrid Drill Bit in Hard Formation

1.
College of Electromechanic Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China;
2.
The Second Drilling Company of Changcheng Drilling Engineering Co., Ltd, Liaoning Panjin 121207, China

摘要

摘要: PDC-牙轮复合钻头是一种综合了PDC钻头与牙轮钻头结构特点和工作原理的新型钻头，能更高效地钻进硬地层。但由于对其破岩机理认识不足，使得PDC-牙轮复合钻头的研发具有盲目性，推广受限。基于弹塑性力学和岩石破碎学，采用Drucker-Prager准则描述岩石本构关系，塑形应变作为破岩判据，通过有限元法建立全尺寸复合钻头和PDC钻头动态破岩的非线性动力学模型，分析了复合钻头作用下硬地层岩石的破坏机制，对比了硬地层中两种钻头的动态破岩过程。结果表明：复合钻头钻井能满足井壁稳定性的要求，然而一旦井壁失稳，井壁岩石将大块脱落；以拉应力破岩为主是复合钻头在硬地层中大幅提高机械钻速的原因之一；硬地层中复合钻头扭转振动低于PDC钻头，破岩效率更高；由于牙轮滚动的多边形效应，复合钻头沿钻进方向对岩石的冲击较PDC钻头更大，能更快钻进硬地层。
- 硬地层 /
- 复合钻头 /
- 破岩过程 /
- 破岩特性 /
- 提速机理
Abstract: A hybrid drill bit combines the structural features and working principles of PDC drill bit and cone drill bit, being able to drill hard formation more efficiently. But its research and development is blind and its promotion is limited due to lack of knowledge about its rock breaking mechanisms. Based on elastoplastic mechanics and rock breaking theory, 3D non-linear dynamic simulation models of dynamic rock breaking with full-gauge hybrid drill bit and PDC bit are established with the finite element method. The constitutive relation of rock is described by Drucker-Prager criteria and the plastic strain is used as the criterion for describing the rock breaking. The failure mechanisms for rock breaking in hard formation with the hybrid drill bit are studied. The dynamic rock breaking with hybrid drill bit in hard formation are compared with that of PDC drill bit. The comparison results show that the well drilled by hybrid drill bit can satisfy the borehole wall stability requirements but that the sidewall rock may fall off. This partly explains the reasons why the use of hybrid drill bit significantly enhances the penetration rate in hard formation and why the rock is broken mainly by tensile stress. The torsional vibration of hybrid drill bit is lower than that of PDC drill bit and the rock breaking efficiency is higher in hard formation. The impact of hybrid drill bit on rock is greater than that of PDC drill bit due to the polygon effect of cone drill bit during scrolling; therefore the hybrid drill bit can drill rock faster than PDC drill bit in hard formation.
- hard formation /
- hybrid drill bit /
- rock-breaking properties /
- penetration rate improving mechanism /

HTML全文

参考文献(20)

[1]	沈忠厚,黄洪春,高德利.世界钻井技术新进展及发展趋势分析[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2009,33(4):64-70 Shen Z H, Huang H C, Gao D L. Analysis on new development and development trend of worldwide drilling technology[J]. Journal of China University of Petroleum (Edition of Natural Science), 2009,33(4):64-70(in Chinese)
[2]	司光,魏伶华,黄伟和,等.影响钻井成本的主要因素与控制措施[J].天然气工业,2009,29(9):106-109 Si G, Wei L H, Huang W H, et al. The main influencing factors on the drilling cost and the corresponding controlling measures[J]. Natural Gas Industry, 2009,29(9):106-109(in Chinese)
[3]	Su Y N, Huang H C, Zhou Y H, et al. Oil & gas drilling technology in China:past and present[J]. China Oil & Gas, 2009,(4):36-40
[4]	王大勋,刘洪,韩松,等.深部岩石力学与深井钻井技术研究[J].钻采工艺,2006,29(3):6-10 Wang D X, Liu H, Han S, et al. Deep rock mechanics and deep or ultra-deep well drilling technology[J]. Drilling & Production Technology, 2006,29(3):6-10(in Chinese)
[5]	Pessier R, Damschen M. Hybrid bits offer distinct advantages in selected roller cone and PDC bit applications[J]. SPE Drilling & Completion, 2011,26(1):96-103
[6]	Thomson I J, Krasuk R M, Sliva N, et al. Hybrid drill bit improves drilling performance in heterogeneous formations in Brazil[C]//SPE 143686, SPE Brasil Offshore Conference and Exhibition, Macaé, Brazil:SPE, 2011:1-11
[7]	Di Pasquale M, Calvaresi E, Pecantet S. A breakthrough performance for an inland application with a hybrid bit technology[C]//SPE 163436, SPE/IADC Drilling Conference and Exhibition, Amsterdam, the Netherlands:SPE, 2013:1-17
[8]	Ismail A, Moustafa M. New hybrid drill bit with innovative technology improves drilling efficiency in challenging Jordanian drilling project[C]//SPE 172169-MS, SPE Saudi Arabia Section Technical Symposium and Exhibition, Al-Khobar, Saudi Arabia:SPE, 2014:1-7
[9]	韩烈祥.国产PDC+牙轮复合钻头问世[J].钻采工艺,2013,36(5):36 Han L X. Domestic PDC+collar composite bit come out[J]. Drilling & Production Technology, 2013,36(5):36(in Chinese)
[10]	胡大梁,严焱诚,李群生,等.混合钻头在元坝须家河组高研磨性地层的应用[J].钻采工艺,2013,36(6):8-12 Hu D L, Yan Y C, Li Q S, et al. Application of hybrid drill bit in XUJIAHE high abrasive formation of YUANBA gas field[J]. Drilling & Production Technology, 2013,36(6):8-12(in Chinese)
[11]	王清峰,朱才朝,宋朝省,等.牙轮钻头单牙轮的破岩仿真研究[J].振动与冲击,2010,29(10):108-112 Wang Q F, Zhu C C, Song C S, et al. Non-limear dynamic analysis of a roller cone bit-well rock system with rock-cone bit interaction[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2010,29(10):108-112(in Chinese)
[12]	蔡美峰.岩石力学与工程[M].北京:科学出版社,2002 Cai M F. Rock mechanics and engineering[M]. Beijing:Science Press, 2002(in Chinese)
[13]	Hibbitt, Karlsson, Sorensen, Inc. ABAQUS/standard user's manual version 6.5[R]. Providence, RI:Hibbitt, Karlsson & Sorensen Inc, 2005
[14]	蔡四维,蔡敏.混凝土的损伤断裂[M].北京:人民交通出版社,1999 Cai S W, Cai M. Concrete damage and fracture theories[M]. Beijing:China Communications Press, 1999(in Chinese)
[15]	祝效华,汤历平,童华.高频扭转冲击钻进的减振与提速机理研究[J].振动与冲击,2012,31(20):75-78,109 Zhu X H, Tang L P, Tong H. Rock breaking mechanism of a high frequency torsional impact drilling[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2012,31(20):75-78,109(in Chinese)
[16]	屠厚泽,高森.岩石破碎学[M].北京:地质出版社,1990 Tu H Z, Gao S. Theory of rock fragmentation[M]. Beijing:Geological Publishing House, 1990(in Chinese)
[17]	Richard T, Germay C, Detournay E. A simplified model to explore the root cause of stick-slip vibrations in drilling systems with drag bits[J]. Journal of Sound and Vibration, 2007,305(3):432-456
[18]	Kyllingstad A, Halsey G W. A study of slip/stick motion of the bit[R]. SPE 16659, 1988
[19]	马德坤.岩石同钻头的相互作用与井斜[J].西南石油学院学报(自然科学版),1983,5(3):51-62 Ma D K. Mutual action between rock and bit and wellbore deviation[J]. Journal of Southwest Petroleum University (Science & Technology Edition), 1983,5(3):51-62(in Chinese)
[20]	Ma D K. The Operational mechanics of the rock bit[M]. Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press, 2009