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论文:2023,Vol:41,Issue(3):621-625 |
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引用本文： |
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张晓燕, 程嘉傲, 薛红军. 基于人的核心胜任力的噪声评价新方法[J]. 西北工业大学学报 |
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ZHANG Xiaoyan, CHENG Jiaao, XUE Hongjun. A novel noise assessment method based on human core competency[J]. Journal of Northwestern Polytechnical University |
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| 基于人的核心胜任力的噪声评价新方法 |
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| 张晓燕1, 程嘉傲1, 薛红军2 |
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1. 西北工业大学 航海学院, 陕西 西安 710072;
2. 西北工业大学 航空学院, 陕西 西安 710072 |
| 摘要: |
| 直升机驾驶舱内的噪声环境较为恶劣，会影响飞行员的生理和心理状态，降低其核心胜任力，导致飞行失误甚至飞行事故。当前噪声评价方法能够揭示噪声的客观特性及其对人情绪等方面的影响，但是忽略了其对人本质能力的影响。针对此，以任务绩效、认知负荷和眼动特征量为指标建立了基于核心胜任力的噪声评价预测模型。通过设计45，65和80 dB （A）3种直升机驾驶舱噪声水平下核心胜任力变化特性实验对所建立模型进行验证。研究结果表明：①噪声对人的核心胜任力有显著影响。随着噪声水平的升高，核心胜任力降低，任务完成可靠性显著下降；②基于核心胜任力的噪声评价方法能够准确地预测噪声变化对人的核心胜任力的影响规律。这种新的噪声评价方法能够定量反映噪声变化对人的应急事件处理能力的影响，弥补了当前噪声评价忽略任务绩效及眼动等生理指标的缺陷，提升了噪声评价的全面性和准确性，拓展了噪声评价的内涵，对于噪声控制与评价以及驾驶舱优化设计都有理论和实践意义。 |
| 关键词:
噪声评价
驾驶舱噪声
噪声烦恼度
核心胜任力
认知负荷
绩效
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| A novel noise assessment method based on human core competency |
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| ZHANG Xiaoyan1, CHENG Jiaao1, XUE Hongjun2 |
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1. School of Marine Science and Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China;
2. School of Aeronautics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China |
| Abstract: |
| The tough noise environment in helicopter cockpit can passively influence pilots in mental and physical way, weaken their core competency, and as a result, maybe causing pilot error and even accidents. The current research can evaluate the physical characteristics of noise and its impact on emotion such as noise annoyance, but it ignores the impact of cockpit noise on human competence. Therefore, this paper establishes a noise evaluation and prediction model based on core competence with task performance, cognitive load and eye movement data. Experiment is designed and implemented in three noise levels and three task difficulties to verify the model. The results indicate that:1) core competency and task accuracy decline in higher noise levels significantly. 2) the noise assessment method based on core competency can accurately predict the influence of noise on human performance. This novel method can quantitatively reflect the impact of noise changes on human performance in emergency condition. It can expand the connotation of noise evaluation, provide the evaluation and control of cockpit noise with theoretical explanations, and provide the optimization design of helicopter cockpit with practical data. |
| Key words:
noise assessment
cockpit noise
noise annoyance
core competency
cognitive load
task performance
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| 收稿日期: 2022-09-12
修回日期:
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| DOI: 10.1051/jnwpu/20234130621 |
| 基金项目: 国家自然科学基金面上项目（51705332/51975477）资助 |
| 通讯作者: 薛红军(1966—),西北工业大学副教授,主要从事舱室人机工效设计与评价研究。e-mail:xuehj@nwpu.edu.cn
Email：xuehj@nwpu.edu.cn |
| 作者简介: 张晓燕(1983—),西北工业大学副教授,主要从事舱室人机工效设计与评价、飞行员认知与操纵特性仿真研究。
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