Application of Sparse Grid Model to Lightweight Design of Gearbox Shell
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摘要: 为解决某压裂泵用变速箱壳体壁厚设计不合理的问题, 提出了一种稀疏网格近似模型与MOGA遗传算法集成的优化方法。对比分析传统近似模型与稀疏网格模型的预测精度, 得出稀疏网格模型的预测精度更高。利用稀疏网格初始化法构建样本数据, 搭建出响应面模型, 采用MOGA遗传算法搜索最优设计方案。结果表明: 在结构性能满足使用要求的基础上变速箱壳体重量减轻了18.1%, 为变速箱壳体轻量化设计提供了一种新途径。Abstract: In order to solve the problem of unreasonable wall thickness design of a gearbox shell for a fractured pump, an optimization method integrating sparse grid approximate model and MOGA genetic algorithm was proposed. The comparison and analysis between the prediction accuracy of the traditional approximate model and the sparse grid model show that the prediction accuracy of the sparse grid model is higher. The sample data is constructed by using the sparse grid initialization method, the response surface model is built, and the MOGA genetic algorithm is used to search for the optimal design scheme. The results show that the weight of the gearbox shell is reduced by 18.1% under the structural performance meeting the requirements of use, which provides a new way for the lightweight design of the gearbox shell.
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Key words:
- approximate model /
- lightweight /
- sparse grid /
- genetic algorithm /
- sensitivity analysis
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表 1 碟簧单目标预测平均绝对百分比误差(MAPE)
% 多项式 Kriging 稀疏网格 1.261 4 2.633 9 0.428 11 表 2 碟簧多目标预测平均绝对百分比误差(MAPE)
% 目标 多项式 Kriging 稀疏网格 质量 0.426 35 0.219 33 0.113 76 最大变形 2.629 5 2.335 2 2.168 4 最大等效应力 27.596 7 13.653 5 3.998 9 表 3 HT200壳体材料属性
弹性模量/GPa 泊松比 材料密度/(kg·m-3) 135 0.25 7 400 表 4 壳体前6阶固有频率及振型
阶次 频率/Hz 振型 1 394.28 整体沿Y轴左右振动 2 412.13 整体张合振动, 顶部最为明显 3 605.26 整体沿Y轴左右扭动, 后侧较为明显 4 770.03 整体沿Y轴左右扭动, 前侧较为明显 5 905.95 整体沿X轴前后振动, 且整体张合振动 6 983.88 整体沿X轴前后振动, 且整体张合振动 表 5 壳体设计变量上下限
设计变量 初始值 最小值 最大值 P1 20 14 26 P2 20 14 26 P3 20 14 26 P4 300 296 304 P5 40 28 52 P6 20 14 26 P7 70 50 90 表 6 壳体多目标预测平均绝对百分比误差(MAPE)
% 质量 最大变形 最大等效应力 1阶固有频率 0.719 1 0.785 2 3.428 1 2.131 5 表 7 MOGA遗传算法参数设置表
参数名称 参数值 初始样本数 100 每次迭代的样本数 100 最大允许帕累托百分比/% 70 收敛百分比/% 2 最大迭代次数 20 突变概率 0.01 交叉概率 0.98 表 8 备选方案
变量 方案1 方案2 方案3 P1 14 14 15 P5 28 29 30 P6 14 21 20 P7 50 63 55 P8/kg 214.27 220.09 222.15 P9/m 1.05×10-5 7.38×10-6 8.61×10-6 P10/Pa 3.68×106 2.96×106 3.40×106 P11/Hz 322.64 361.67 344.65 表 9 最优解与初始解对比
方案 质量/kg 变形/m 应力/Pa 最优方案 214.27 1.06×10-5 3.72×106 初始方案 261.56 5.6×10-6 1.9×106 表 10 优化后壳体前6阶固有频率及振型
阶次 频率/Hz 振型 1 322.08 整体沿Y轴左右振动 2 335.48 整体张合振动, 顶部最为明显 3 571.31 整体沿Y轴左右扭动, 后侧较为明显 4 733.28 整体沿Y轴左右扭动, 前侧较为明显 5 819.34 整体沿X轴整体张合振动 6 897.01 整体沿X轴前后振动, 且整体张合振动 -
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