改进VMD-LSTM法在刀具磨损状态识别中的应用

姜超; 李国富

doi:10.13433/j.cnki.1003-8728.20200627

改进VMD-LSTM法在刀具磨损状态识别中的应用

doi: 10.13433/j.cnki.1003-8728.20200627

姜超^1,,
李国富^2, ,

1.
宁波大学机械工程与力学学院, 浙江宁波 315211
2.
宁波大学先进储能技术与研究院, 浙江宁波 315211

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目 51705263

详细信息

作者简介:
姜超(1997-), 硕士研究生, 研究方向为信号处理与故障诊断, 947030121@qq.com

通讯作者:
李国富, 教授, 硕士生导师, liguofu@nbu.edu.cn

中图分类号: TH164
计量
- 文章访问数: 138
- HTML全文浏览量: 50
- PDF下载量: 18
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-05-21
- 刊出日期: 2022-02-25

Application of Modified VMD and LSTM in Tool Wear State Recognition Model

JIANG Chao^1
,,
LI Guofu^{2
, ,}

1.
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering & Mechanics, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, China
2.
Institute of Advanced Energy Storage Technology and Equipment, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, China

摘要

摘要: 针对车刀在实际加工时工况复杂导致磨损状态识别精度不高的问题，提出了一种基于最大包络峰度法的变分模态分解(Variational mode decomposition，VMD)结合长短时记忆网络(Long short-term memory，LSTM)的组合分类算法。采用最大包络峰度法确定VMD最佳分解模态数，计算信噪比对高频信号进行降噪重构，然后对原始信号以及分解后的信号进行特征提取和清洗，针对数据样本不均衡的问题，引入SMOTE算法合成少数类样本，结合特征变化以及刀具加工过程中的磨损划分数据集，使用LSTM模型实现多工况下车刀磨损状态的分类。最后通过实验验证所提出的模型和方法的有效性，实验结果表明，此模型与其他分类模型相比具有更高的分类精度以及更好的泛化性。
- 刀具状态监测 /
- 电流信号 /
- 变分模态分解 /
- 特征提取 /
- 长短时记忆网络
Abstract: Aiming at the problem of low accuracy of wear state recognition due to complex working conditions of turning tools in actual machining, a combined classification algorithm of variational mode decomposition (VMD) based on the maximum envelope kurtosis combined with long and short-term memory (LSTM) networks is proposed in this paper. First, the maximum envelope kurtosis method is used to determine the optimal decomposition mode number of VMD, the signal-to-noise ratio is calculated to reduce the noise and reconstruct the high-frequency signal, and then the original signal and the decomposed signal are feature extraction and cleaning. Then, aiming at the unbalanced data sample for the problem, the SMOTE algorithm is introduced to synthesize a minority of samples, combined with feature changes and the wear division data set during tool processing, and the LSTM model is used to classify the wear status of the turning tool under multiple working conditions. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed model and method is verified through experiments. The experimental results show that this model has higher classification accuracy and better generalization than other classification models.
- tool state monitoring /
- current signal /
- variational mode decomposition (VMD) /
- feature extraction /
- long and short-term memory (LSTM)

HTML全文

图 1 试验流程图

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图 2 车刀信号与频谱图

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图 3 最大包络峰度变化趋势图

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图 4 VMD分解波形图

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图 5 去噪后信号

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图 6 特征变化趋势图

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图 7 模型精度训练和损失曲线

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表 1 试验切削条件表

组号	转速/ (r·min^-1)	切削深度/mm	进给速度/ (mm·r^-1)
1	480	1.0	0.176
2	760	1.0	0.176
2	760	1.5	0.192
3	1 080	1.0	0.176

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表 2 实验样本数量表

组号	1	2	3	4
样本数量	273	244	190	214

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表 3 LSTM模型结构

LSTM模型结构	各层神经元数量	各层激励函数	各层输入维度
输入层	特征维度	无	(None, 1, 特征维度)
LSTM层	30	Sigmoid	(None, 30)
全连接层	8	Relu	(None, 8)
输出层	3	Softmax	(None, 3)

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表 4 模型测试结果

分类模型	测试集平均分类准确率/%	测试集最优分类准确率/%	训练时间/s
LSTM	93.78	94.02	83.35
PSO-SVM	90.43	91.67	89.49
BP神经网络	88.59	89.21	39.86

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参考文献(16)

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