叶片铣削及喷丸加工残余应力测试与三维表征

梁巧云; 蔺治强; 张吉银; 姚倡锋

doi:10.13433/j.cnki.1003-8728.20200520

叶片铣削及喷丸加工残余应力测试与三维表征

doi: 10.13433/j.cnki.1003-8728.20200520

梁巧云^1,,
蔺治强¹,
张吉银^{2, 3},
姚倡锋^{2, 3, ,}

1.
中国航发沈阳黎明航空发动机有限责任公司，沈阳　110043
2.
西北工业大学航空发动机高性能制造工信部重点实验室，西安　710072
3.
航空发动机先进制造技术教育部工程研究中心，西安　710072

基金项目: 国家科技重大专项（92160301，2017-VII-0001-0094）与国家自然科学基金项目（92160301，91860206，51875472，51905440）

详细信息

作者简介:
梁巧云（1974−），高级工程师，硕士，研究方向为航空发动机叶片加工技术，lqywjh@126.com

通讯作者:
姚倡锋，教授，博士生导师，chfyao@nwpu.edu.cn

中图分类号: TG54
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- 文章访问数: 139
- HTML全文浏览量: 53
- PDF下载量: 12
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-10-20
- 刊出日期: 2023-02-04

Measurement and Three-dimensional Characterization of Residual Stress After Milling and Shot Peening of Blade

LIANG Qiaoyun^1
,,
LIN Zhiqiang¹,
ZHANG Jiyin^{2, 3},
YAO Changfeng^{2, 3
, ,}

1.
Aecc Shenyang Liming Aero-engine Co., Ltd., Shenyang 110043, China
2.
The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Key Laboratory of High Performance Manufacturing for Aero Engine , Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
3.
The Ministry of Education, Engineering Research Center of Advanced Manufacturing Technology for Aero Engine, Xi'an 710072, China

摘要

摘要: 为了研究具有典型薄壁结构特征的叶片铣削及喷丸加工后残余应力的分布情况，以叶片为研究对象，采用X射线衍射方法，结合叶片具体结构特征，进行针对钛合金叶片对象的三维残余应力测试；依据叶片表面及表层残余应力的测试结果，进行叶片表面残余应力及表层残余应力的分析，发现叶片叶背及叶盆表面的残余应力都是残余压应力，且分布没有一致的规律，但叶背及叶盆的残余应力沿深度方向的分布趋势大体是一致的；最后在叶片表面及表层残余应力测试结果的基础上，采用数值拟合的方法，获得了基于叶片三维坐标（x-y-h）分布的残余应力预测经验公式；根据特定测量点残余应力测试结果，验证了喷丸叶片残余应力三维表征经验公式的可行性。
- 叶片 /
- 铣削 /
- 喷丸 /
- 残余应力 /
- 数值拟合 /
- 三维表征
Abstract: The residual stress is one of the important characterizations of the shot peening effect. In order to study the distribution of residual stresses after milling and shot peening of blade with typical thin-walled structural characteristics, the three-dimensional residual stresses of the titanium alloy blade are tested with X-ray diffraction method with the specific structural characteristics of the blade as the object of study. The residual stresses on the blade back and the blade basin surface are the compressive residual stresses, and there is no consistent pattern of distribution, but the distribution trend of the residual stresses on the blade back and the blade basin along the depth direction is generally consistent; finally, according to the basis of the surface and the subsurface residual stress of the blade, the empirical formula for predicting the residual stresses based on the three-dimensional coordinates of the leaf (x-y-h) distribution was obtained with the numerical fitting method. The residual stress of the specific points validates the feasibility of the empirical formula for the three-dimensional characterization of residual stress in shot peening.
- blade /
- milling /
- shot peening /
- residual stress /
- numerical fitting /
- three-dimensional characterization

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图 1 表层残余应力测试点示意图

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图 2 铣削叶片表面残余应力

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图 3 喷丸叶片表面残余应力

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图 4 铣削叶片表面残余应力统计分布

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图 5 喷丸叶片表面残余应力统计分布

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图 6 铣削叶片表层残余应力

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图 7 喷丸叶片表层残余应力

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图 8 铣削叶片残余应力三维表征

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图 9 喷丸叶片残余应力三维表征

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表 1 叶片表面残余应力测量点坐标

点	铣削叶片测量点坐标/mm				喷丸叶片测量点坐标/mm
点	叶背X	叶背Y	叶盆X	叶盆Y	叶背X	叶背Y	叶盆X	叶盆Y
1	−75	160	75	240	−55	140	70	220
2	−35	165	30	220	35	175	15	185
3	20	175	−30	205	75	210	−50	160
4	60	220	−65	180	30	240	−70	225
5	−10	215	−50	240	−20	205	−10	220
6	−50	235	0	250	−65	205	20	245
7	−65	290	50	280	−55	260	65	280
8	−30	300	−40	285	−20	275	30	300
9	0	280	70	405	50	285	−25	290
10	55	280	25	370	60	400	−70	395
11	−30	395	−35	370	−35	390	30	380
12	−55	410	−70	385	−70	415	70	405
13	−45	470	−70	445	−70	475	65	485
14	−5	480	65	475	−40	470	50	520
15	50	480	30	490	65	465	10	515
16	20	560	−25	490	40	515	−10	490
17	−35	575	55	590	−15	510	−60	470
18	−60	600	30	575	−55	525	−65	525
19	−5	600	−10	590	−40	600	−15	595
20	50	595	−55	580	15	600	40	600

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表 2 叶片表层残余应力测量点坐标

点	铣削叶片测量点坐标 /mm				喷丸叶片测量点坐标 /mm
点	叶背X	叶背Y	叶盆X	叶盆Y	叶背X	叶背Y	叶盆X	叶盆Y
1	−60	100	70	180	−60	75	70	160
2	0	150	0	150	−5	110	0	135
3	65	180	−65	105	70	150	−60	95
4	−65	360	65	350	−70	310	60	315
5	−5	360	0	350	−5	305	0	305
6	65	360	−65	350	60	300	−60	295
7	−60	540	60	550	−60	510	55	520
8	−5	540	5	550	−10	515	5	520
9﹟	55	540	−55	550	55	510	−50	515

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表 3 叶片表面残余应力

点	铣削叶片残余应力 /MPa		喷丸叶片残余应力/MPa
点	叶背	叶盆	叶背	叶盆
1	−400.04	−364.22	−688.47	−730.65
2	−415.79	−347.36	−722.53	−695.08
3	−373.73	−337.85	−681.28	−696.25
4	−325.27	−296.97	−730.58	−681.51
5	−398.30	−257.41	−732.3	−742.92
6	−389.38	−230.74	−668.58	−735.47
7	−360.38	−350.22	−722.62	−728.35
8	−357.77	−291.65	−744.77	−744.29
9	−294.11	−358.63	−691.15	−679.95
10	−260.39	−299.82	−751.29	−731.22
11	−286.13	−269.85	−744.25	−742.25
12	−295.93	−289.96	−696.93	−754.09
13	−334.33	−314.17	−727.42	−703.94
14	−278.46	−292.8	−700.57	−680.92
15	−364.10	−304.35	−705.13	−707.45
16	−380.04	−282.07	−720.67	−675.17
17	−335.09	−293.47	−702.28	−696.37
18	−351.03	−331.73	−696.19	−672.03
19	−312.65	−367.44	−743.77	−727.92
20	−364.49	−295.68	−733.69	−695.50

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表 4 铣削叶片表层残余应力

深度/μm	叶背残余应力 /MPa
深度/μm	1#	2#	3#	4#	5#	6#	7#	8#	9#
0	−339.14	−374.3	−332.38	−308.02	−258.21	−285.08	−331.47	−323.54	−323.19
10	−320.34	−364.26	−305.21	−295.0	−243.96	−243.96	−229.56	−240.09	−240.09
20	−229.01	−321.48	−309.8	−238.54	−219.02	−219.02	−153.48	−225.34	−134.53
30	−123.41	−210.54	−256.29	−118.31	−133.9	−95.15	20.70	−116.76	8.33
40	−10.06	−77.89	−69.59	−26.61	−85.30	−35.40	8.14	−55.45	27.66
50	15.07	−27.68	−23.93	27.33	−11.25	21.75	−6.01	3.32	26.15
60	−11.07	−10.14	−25.53	7.96	−13.59	−4.49	0.08	−13.25	1.83
深度/μm	叶盆残余应力/MPa
深度/μm	1#	2#	3#	4#	5#	6#	7#	8#	9#
0	−361.02	−310.07	−293.18	−324.68	−303.55	−255.45	−285.89	−300.37	−311.66
10	−344.15	−341.68	−329.68	−277.56	−300.43	−225.83	−249.6	−303.17	−241.73
20	−229.92	−289.86	−290.30	−201.62	−263.25	−227.58	−174.6	−206.17	−147.29
30	−130.77	−175.77	−210.75	−102.09	−217.15	−140.55	−12.02	−97.18	−16.96
40	−58.32	−93.00	−121.78	−14.59	−122.59	−95.44	21.56	−24.46	−7.56
50	−6.19	−27.55	−59.74	−5.07	−38.04	−42.89	18.43	−0.59	4.15
60	4.00	−18.57	−4.26	17.20	−34.65	−23.46	−13.81	−6.82	−9.47

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表 5 喷丸叶片表层残余应力

深度/μm	叶背残余应力 /MPa
深度/μm	1#	2#	3#	4#	5#	6#	7#	8#	9#
0	−704.03	−702.16	−704.76	−690.62	−749.07	−774.02	−754.34	−731.68	−730.04
30	−737.72	−661.23	−722.57	−777.89	−755.36	−731.64	−701.41	−692.26	−744.98
60	−697.97	−621.38	−684.88	−672.20	−728.00	−694.13	−639.75	−687.91	−702.98
90	−599.67	−387.39	−404.21	−401.96	−557.23	−494.87	−391.33	−540.95	−221.73
120	−378.37	−266.00	−200.89	−321.20	−305.32	−255.94	−235.12	−323.73	−349.31
150	−78.64	−68.13	−76.73	−80.91	−175.22	−34.65	−24.93	−133.70	−81.60
180	−2.25	14.11	−17.50	−30.33	17.01	4.72	21.12	−12.60	−10.81
深度/μm	叶盆残余应力/MPa
深度/μm	1#	2#	3#	4#	5#	6#	7#	8#	9#
0	−679.27	−673.94	−699.35	−668.66	−675.04	−712.13	−658.23	−680.90	−731.96
30	−661.65	−613.57	−620.55	−645.09	−716.41	−647.74	−625.50	−660.37	−630.66
60	−526.25	−472.35	−514.77	−601.64	−661.19	−646.19	−537.34	−559.01	−573.39
90	−357.41	−433.62	−426.49	−424.10	−448.66	−436.77	−360.20	−329.55	−353.88
120	−209.35	−208.29	−257.66	−240.58	−295.05	−276.68	−143.41	−176.69	−195.44
150	−64.37	−86.61	−47.98	−26.07	−187.84	−43.15	−74.47	−76.06	−56.95
180	−4.10	−16.02	−39.82	−14.15	17.00	23.11	−4.10	−22.13	−3.31

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表 6 铣削叶片随机测量点残余应力计算值和测量值

测量点	1	2	3	4	5	6
坐标（x,y,h）	（60，220，0）	（−55，410，0）	（−5，590，0）	（0，145，10）	（−10，360，30）	（55，560，40）
残余应力计算值/ MPa	−302.18	−302.69	306.32	−304.73	−124.68	21.98
残余应力测量值/ MPa	−305.27	−275.93	−332.65	−320.34	−133.90	14.62

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表 7 喷丸叶片随机测量点残余应力计算值和测量值

测量点	1	2	3	4	5	6
坐标（x,y,h）	（75，210，0）	（−70，415，0）	（15，600，0）	（0，150，30）	（−65，360，90）	（55，540，120）
残余应力计算值/MPa	−701.16	−696.34	−699.93	−722.38	−482.27	−291.38
残余应力测量值/MPa	−661.28	−692.81	−703.69	−747.08	−471.19	−280.67

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