Lightweight Design of Commercial Vehicle Cab via Successive Replacement of Response Surface
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摘要: 采用SFE-concept建立驾驶室白车身隐式参数化模型, 并对弯曲刚度和扭转刚度进行求解分析。通过灵敏度分析筛选出14个车身零部件的厚度、形状和位置作为设计变量; 采用最优超拉丁方试验设计方法构建样本数据; 对比分析响应面与逐次替换响应面近似模型的拟合精度, 得出逐次替换响应面的拟合精度更高; 采用粒子群算法, 以质车身量最小为目标, 约束静态弯扭刚度, 进行优化设计, 并对优化后结果进行验证, 结果表明: 在车身静态刚度性能基本保持不变的基础上, 白车身质量下降17 kg, 轻量化率为5.49%。Abstract: SFE-Concept was used to establish the implicit parameterized model for the white cab body, and the bending stiffness and torsional stiffness were solved and analyzed. With the sensitivity analysis, the thickness, shape and position of 14 body parts were selected as the design variables. The LHD was used to construct the sample data. The fitting accuracy of the response surface approximation model and the successive replacement response surface approximation model were compared and analyzed. The fitting accuracy of the successive replacement response surface was higher. The optimization design was carried out by using the particle swarm optimization algorithm (PSO) to minimize the mass of the vehicle body and constrain the static bending and torsion stiffness. The optimized results were verified. The results showed that the mass of the white body decreased by 17 kg and the lightweight rate was 5.49% while the static stiffness performance of the body remained basically unchanged.
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表 1 筛选的设计变量
变量名称 初始变量/mm 变化范围/mm 备注 DV1204 1 0.7~2.5 地板两侧地板厚度 DV1205 1.5 0.7~2.5 地板中央通道横梁一厚度 DV1302 0.8 0.7~2.5 后围下板厚度 DV1306 0.8 0.7~2.5 后围中间上板厚度 DV1403 1.0 0.7~2.5 侧围下端前梁厚度 DV1405 1.0 0.7~2.5 侧围上端梁厚度 DV1412 0.7 0.7~2.5 侧围与顶盖连接板厚度 DV1414 0.8 0.7~2.5 侧围卧铺后板厚度 DV1501 0.8 0.7~2.5 顶盖中部梁厚度 DV1505 0.7 0.7~2.5 顶盖下端板厚度 DV1506 1.0 0.7~2.5 顶盖中间板厚度 DV1507 0.7 0.7~2.5 顶盖上端板厚度 DV2503 0 -80~0 顶盖中间横梁截面X向 DV2506 0 -80~50 顶盖中间整个梁截面Y向 表 2 近似模型的精度对比
质量/kg 弯曲刚度/(N·mm-1) 扭转刚度/(Nm·(°)-1) 响应面近似模型 0.991 8 0.900 9 0.933 7 逐次替换响应面 0.999 9 0.972 5 0.995 3 表 3 优化后各设计变量
变量名称 变量类别 初始变量/mm 优化后变量/mm DV1204 厚度 1 0.7 DV1205 厚度 1.5 1.3 DV1302 厚度 0.8 1.0 DV1306 厚度 0.8 0.7 DV1403 厚度 1.0 1.0 DV1405 厚度 1.0 0.9 DV1412 厚度 0.7 1.3 DV1414 厚度 0.8 0.8 DV1501 厚度 0.8 1.0 DV1505 厚度 0.7 0.7 DV1506 厚度 1.0 0.7 DV1507 厚度 0.7 0.7 DV2503 形状 0 -40 DV2506 形状 0 20 表 4 优化后结果对比
设计变量 优化前 优化后 对比 质量/kg 307.58 290.12 下降5.49% 弯曲刚度/(N·mm-1) 31 677.36 31 992.71 基本不变 扭转刚度/(Nm·(°)-1) 40 995.1 40 835.29 基本不变 -
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