超声冲击45钢表面完整性多目标参数优化

寇英涛; 李艳洁; 汪云燕; 周征

doi:10.13433/j.cnki.1003-8728.20200504

超声冲击45钢表面完整性多目标参数优化

doi: 10.13433/j.cnki.1003-8728.20200504

1.
北京林业大学工学院，北京　100083
2.
西北工业大学机电学院，西安　710072

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目（31971803）

详细信息

作者简介:
寇英涛（1994−），硕士研究生，研究方向为表面完整性控制，kyt091366@163.com

通讯作者:
李艳洁，副教授，硕士生导师， liyanjie@bjfu.edu.cn

中图分类号: TG663;TG668
计量
- 文章访问数: 107
- HTML全文浏览量: 76
- PDF下载量: 22
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-12-22
- 刊出日期: 2022-09-05

Multi-objective Parameter Optimization for Ultrasonic Impact Surface Integrity of 45 Steel

1.
School of Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
2.
School of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi' an 710072, China

摘要

摘要: 为获得超声冲击45钢轴表面完整性工艺波动性和最佳工艺参数。对45钢开展超声冲击正交试验。采用信噪比方法，分析了转速、进给速度和过盈量对表面完整性（表面粗糙度、表面硬度和表面残余应力）影响的显著程度；结合灰关联度方法进行多目标参数优化，得到超声冲击45钢表面完整性最优工艺参数组合。试验结果表明：工艺参数影响表面完整性的重要程度依次为：转速，过盈量，进给速度；最优工艺参数为转速45 r/min，进给速度0.18 mm/r，过盈量0.025 mm。使用优化参数对工件开展验证试验发现能够显著降低表面粗糙度、提高表面硬度和表面残余压应力，进一步证明了优化参数的可靠性。
- 超声冲击 /
- 表面完整性 /
- 工艺参数 /
- 灰关联度 /
- 信噪比
Abstract: n order to obtain process volatility and the best process parameters of ultrasonic impact 45 steel surface integrity, the ultrasonic impact orthogonal test was carried out on the surface of 45 steel. The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) method is used to analyze the influence of rotational speed, feeding speed and interference on surface integrity (surface roughness, hardness and residual stress). The multi-objective parameter optimization was carried out by combining grey relational degree (GRD), and the optimal process parameter combination of ultrasonic impact 45 steel surface integrity is obtained. The experimental results show that: the importance of process parameters on surface integrity are as follows: rotational speed, interference, feed speed; the optimal process parameters are rotational speed 45 r/min, feed speed 0.18 mm/r and interference 0.025 mm. It is found that the optimized parameters can significantly reduce the surface roughness, improve the surface hardness and surface residual compressive stress, which further proves the reliability of the optimized parameters.
- ultrasonic impact /
- surface integrity /
- process parameters /
- grey relational degree /
- signal-to-noise ratio

HTML全文

图 1 超声冲击强化试验示意图

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 超声冲击和车削对表面形貌的影响

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 试验因素水平表

水平	A/(r·min⁻¹)	B/(mm·r⁻¹)	C/mm
1	15	0.06	0.010
2	25	0.12	0.015
3	35	0.18	0.020
4	45	0.24	0.025

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 正交试验结果

编号	A/（r·min⁻¹）	B/（mm·r⁻¹）	C/mm	R_a/μm	硬度/HV	σ/MPa
1	15	0.06	0.010	0.87	246.2	−685.24
2	15	0.12	0.015	0.93	256.2	−658.81
3	15	0.18	0.020	1.07	229.5	−656.6
4	15	0.24	0.025	1.43	243.1	−716.19
5	25	0.06	0.015	0.62	234.1	−782.10
6	25	0.12	0.010	0.86	212.5	−782.02
7	25	0.18	0.025	0.58	242.7	−827.44
8	25	0.24	0.020	0.83	241.5	−790.70
9	35	0.06	0.020	0.56	241.9	−730.28
10	35	0.12	0.025	0.68	262.8	−748.77
11	35	0.18	0.010	0.87	253.8	−759.16
12	35	0.24	0.015	0.80	238.0	−783.83
13	45	0.06	0.025	0.60	239.2	−812.51
14	45	0.12	0.020	0.56	240.1	−776.80
15	45	0.18	0.015	0.46	232.4	−799.38
16	45	0.24	0.010	0.60	242.0	−780.67

下载: 导出CSV

表 3 各试验指标的信噪比

序号	信噪比S/N			量纲一化值x_mn			灰关联度系数			灰关联度
序号	R_a/μm	硬度/HV	σ/MPa	R_a/μm	硬度/HV	σ/MPa	R_a/μm	硬度/HV	σ/MPa	灰关联度
1	1.19	47.83	56.72	0.44	0.69	0.18	0.59	0.72	0.49	0.60
2	0.59	48.17	56.38	0.37	0.88	0.01	0.56	0.87	0.45	0.63
3	−0.56	47.21	56.35	0.26	0.36	0.00	0.52	0.56	0.44	0.51
4	−3.13	47.72	57.10	0.00	0.63	0.37	0.44	0.69	0.56	0.56
5	4.19	47.39	57.87	0.75	0.46	0.76	0.76	0.60	0.77	0.71
6	1.28	46.55	57.86	0.45	0.00	0.76	0.59	0.44	0.76	0.60
7	4.69	47.70	58.35	0.80	0.63	1.00	0.80	0.68	1.00	0.83
8	1.66	47.66	57.96	0.49	0.60	0.80	0.61	0.67	0.80	0.69
9	4.98	47.67	57.27	0.83	0.61	0.46	0.82	0.67	0.59	0.69
10	3.41	48.39	57.49	0.67	1.00	0.57	0.71	1.00	0.65	0.78
11	1.24	48.09	57.61	0.44	0.84	0.63	0.59	0.8	0.68	0.71
12	1.89	47.53	57.88	0.51	0.53	0.77	0.62	0.63	0.77	0.68
13	4.41	47.57	58.20	0.77	0.56	0.92	0.78	0.64	0.91	0.78
14	4.99	47.61	57.81	0.83	0.57	0.73	0.82	0.65	0.75	0.74
15	6.70	47.32	58.06	1.00	0.42	0.85	1.00	0.58	0.84	0.81
16	4.40	47.68	57.85	0.77	0.61	0.75	0.77	0.67	0.76	0.74

下载: 导出CSV

表 4 各因子的灰关联度均值

因子	灰关联度均值				极值
因子	1	2	3	4	极值
A	0.57	0.71	0.71	0.76	0.19
B	0.69	0.69	0.71	0.67	0.04
C	0.66	0.70	0.66	0.74	0.08

下载: 导出CSV

表 5 最优参数下的试验指标

编号	R_a/μm	硬度/HV	σ/MPa
1	0.43	258.6	−841.52
2	0.41	260.5	−847.71
3	0.42	257.8	−839.26
均值	0.42	260.0	−842.83

下载: 导出CSV

参考文献(17)

[1]	张哲峰, 刘睿, 张振军, 等. 金属材料疲劳性能预测统一模型探索[J]. 金属学报, 2018, 54(11): 1693-1704 doi: 10.11900/0412.1961.2018.00331 ZHANG Z F, LIU R, ZHANG Z J, et al. Exploration on the unified model for fatigue properties prediction of metallic materials[J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica, 2018, 54(11): 1693-1704 (in Chinese) doi: 10.11900/0412.1961.2018.00331
[2]	朱有利, 王燕礼, 边飞龙, 等. 金属材料超声表面强化技术的研究与应用进展[J]. 机械工程学报, 2014, 50(20): 35-45 doi: 10.3901/JME.2014.20.035 ZHU Y L, WANG Y L, BIAN F L, et al. Progresses on research and application of metal ultrasonic surface enhancement technologies[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2014, 50(20): 35-45 (in Chinese) doi: 10.3901/JME.2014.20.035
[3]	KARIMI A, AMINI S. Steel 7225 surface ultrafine structure and improvement of its mechanical properties using surface nanocrystallization technology by ultrasonic impact[J]. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 2016, 83(5-8): 1127-1134 doi: 10.1007/s00170-015-7619-8
[4]	胡神阳. 6061铝合金试件的超声冲击表面强化及其组织性能基础研究[D]. 南京: 南京航空航天大学, 2019 HU S Y. Basic study on strengthening and effect of properties of 6061 aluminum alloy by ultrasonic impact treatment[D]. Nanjing: Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2019 (in Chinese)
[5]	YAO C F, ZHAO Y, ZHOU Z, et al. A surface integrity model of TC17 titanium alloy by ultrasonic impact treatment[J]. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 2020, 108(3): 881-893 doi: 10.1007/s00170-020-05470-z
[6]	ZHOU Z, YAO C F, ZHAO Y, et al. Effect of ultrasonic impact treatment on the surface integrity of nickel alloy 718[J]. Advances in Manufacturing, 2021, 9(1): 160-171 doi: 10.1007/s40436-020-00329-8
[7]	CASTILLO-MORALES M, BERBER-SOLANO T P, SALAS-ZAMARRIPA A, et al. Effectiveness of the ultrasonic impact treatment in the retardation of the fatigue crack growth for 2024-T3 Al alloy components[J]. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 2020, 108(1-2): 157-165 doi: 10.1007/s00170-020-05064-9
[8]	HE B L, DENG H P, JIANG M M, et al. Effect of ultrasonic impact treatment on the ultra high cycle fatigue properties of SMA490BW steel welded joints[J]. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 2018, 96(5-8): 1571-1577 doi: 10.1007/s00170-017-0608-3
[9]	EMELIANOVA E, ROMANOVA V, ZINOVIEVA O, et al. The effects of surface-layer grain size and texture on deformation-induced surface roughening in polycrystalline titanium hardened by ultrasonic impact treatment[J]. Materials Science and Engineering:A, 2020, 793: 139896 doi: 10.1016/j.msea.2020.139896
[10]	何柏林, 封亚明, 李力. 超声冲击及焊缝余高对6082铝合金焊接接头疲劳性能的影响[J]. 中国有色金属学报, 2019, 29(7): 1377-1383 HE B L, FENG Y M, LI L. Effects of UIT and weld reinforcement on fatigue properties of 6082 aluminum alloy welded joint[J]. The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals, 2019, 29(7): 1377-1383 (in Chinese)
[11]	耿其东, 汪炜. 超声冲击强化铝合金小孔构件的试验研究[J]. 表面技术, 2019, 48(4): 189-195 GENG Q D, WANG W. Experimental study of aluminium alloy hole test specimen reinforced by ultrasonic impact[J]. Surface Technology, 2019, 48(4): 189-195 (in Chinese)
[12]	曹小建, 片英植, 金江, 等. 超声冲击强化对TC4钛合金拉压疲劳性能的影响[J]. 中国表面工程, 2017, 30(2): 48-55 CAO X J, PIAN Y Z, JIN J, et al. Effects of ultrasonic impact modification on tension-compression fatigue behavior of TC4[J]. China Surface Engineering, 2017, 30(2): 48-55 (in Chinese)
[13]	唐亮, 刘忠伟, 王文健, 等. 轴孔超声冲击强化及有限元模拟研究[J]. 表面技术, 2018, 47(8): 84-89 TANG L, LIU Z W, WANG W J, et al. Ultrasonic shock treatment and finite element simulation of shaft hole[J]. Surface Technology, 2018, 47(8): 84-89 (in Chinese)
[14]	LI M Y, ZHANG Q, HAN B, et al. Investigation on microstructure and properties of Al_xCoCrFeMnNi high entropy alloys by ultrasonic impact treatment[J]. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2020, 816: 152626 doi: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2019.152626
[15]	YANG B, TAN C W, ZHAO Y B, et al. Influence of ultrasonic peening on microstructure and surface performance of laser-arc hybrid welded 5A06 aluminum alloy joint[J]. Journal of Materials Research and Technology, 2020, 9(5): 9576-9587 doi: 10.1016/j.jmrt.2020.06.057
[16]	吴新丽, 李仁旺, 张思荣, 等. QFD与正交试验混合方法在大批量定制中的应用研究[J]. 中国机械工程, 2011, 22(5): 576-579 WU X L, LI R W, ZHANG S R, et al. Research on application of a hybrid method of QFD and orthogonal experimental method in mass customization[J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2011, 22(5): 576-579 (in Chinese)
[17]	郑建新, 任元超. 7050铝合金二维超声滚压加工表面完整性综合评价[J]. 中国机械工程, 2018, 28(13): 1622-1626 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2018.13.017 ZHENG J X, REN Y C. Comprehensive assessment of surface integrity in two dimensional ultrasonic rolling 7050 aluminum alloys[J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2018, 28(13): 1622-1626 (in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2018.13.017