Study on Aerodynamic Noise of Radiator Fan and Improvement of Bionics
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摘要: 基于SST k-ω分离涡模型的数值模拟, 以及鲨鱼背鳍的仿生学研究, 设计了一种风扇叶片, 以期减少风扇的气动噪声。在风扇噪声试验验证数值模拟准确性的基础上, 应用CATIA和STRA CCM+, 通过参数化设计, 同时采用正交试验法进行优化方案的选择。结果表明: 基于仿生鲨鱼背鳍结构的方案设计, 能够减小风扇后缘的气流分离, 抑制尾缘区域湍流涡的形成, 改善了尾缘区域的流场, 有效的降低了气动噪声, 优化后的单品风扇叶片的气动噪声比原始方案减小了3.64 dB。Abstract: Based on the numerical simulation of the SST k-ω separating vortex model and the bionic study of the shark dorsal fin, a fan blade was designed to reduce the aerodynamic noise of the fan. On the basis of the fan noise test to verify the accuracy of the numerical simulation, CATIA and STRA CCM+ are applied, and the optimization scheme is selected through the parameterized design and the orthogonal experiment method. The results show that the design based on the bionic shark dorsal fin structure can reduce the airflow separation at the trailing edge of the fan, and suppress the formation of turbulent vortices in the trailing edge area, and improve the flow field, and effectively reduce aerodynamic noise, and optimize the aerodynamics of the fan blades. The noise is reduced by 3.64 dB comparing with the original scheme.
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Key words:
- SST k-ω separation vortex /
- aerodynamic noise /
- shark fin /
- orthogonal experiment
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表 1 边界条件设置
边界位置 边界条件 设置数值 计算域入口 自由流入口 马赫数为0 计算域出口 压力出口 标压 散热器芯体 多孔介质 a=172.95 kg/m4
b=786.03 kg/(m3·s)风扇旋转域 刚体运动 2 540 r/min 表 2 测试设备参数表
仪器名称 型号 部分参数 麦克风 4189-A-021 1.27 cm; 6 Hz~20 kHz 麦克风校准器 4231 94 dB & 114 dB; SPL-1000 Hz 数据采集系统 B & K 3560D 6输入通道 稳压电源 兆信/RXN-3030D 输出电压0~30V 万用表 - 20V/200V;精度±0.5% 表 3 前14阶阶次噪声对比表
阶次 试验/dB 仿真/dB 误差/% 1 10.55 10.14 3.89 2 31.86 32.98 3.52 3 20.96 22.05 5.20 4 42.83 41.68 2.69 5 39.97 38.77 3.00 6 36.83 36.21 1.68 7 43.01 41.64 3.19 8 33.01 31.06 5.91 9 44.62 42.64 4.44 10 39.85 37.32 6.35 11 49.82 52.19 4.76 12 52.31 50.97 2.56 13 38.58 40.62 5.29 14 48.91 50.04 2.31 表 4 数值模拟结果统计表
方案号 伸出角度α/(°) 厚度B/mm 定位角度β/(°) 间距A/mm 额定转速总A计权声压级/dB 原风扇 - - - - 69.58 1 4 2 12 20 66.43 2 4 2.5 16 25 67.52 3 4 3 19 30 67.01 4 6 2 16 30 68.53 5 6 2.5 19 20 67.39 6 6 3 12 25 66.94 7 8 2 19 25 68.63 8 8 2.5 12 30 65.94 9 8 3 16 20 66.96 -
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