Structural Modelling and Nonlinear Analysis of Rolling Electromagnetic Vibration Energy Harvester
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摘要: 滚动电磁式振动能量采集器利用磁吸力作为回复力。基于非线性分析方法构建滚动电磁式振动能量采集器等效动力学模型, 并重新评估系统中运动磁体的运动方程; 利用有限元方法计算非线性磁力, 通过实验估算系统阻尼, 并分析阻尼对输出性能的影响; 在线圈两端连接阻性负载, 通过比较能量采集器的数值计算结果和实验结果分析洛伦兹力对输出的影响。结果表明: 考虑洛伦兹力对输出性能的影响后, 在13.5 Hz的条件下, 负载电压的计算值和实验值的最大误差从20%降到9%;最大功率对应的阻性负载值由114变为160。通过对比模拟和实验的结果证明, 考虑非线性效应的等效模型能为此类结构的实验研究做指导。Abstract: Rolling electromagnetic vibration energy harvester uses magnetic attraction force as restoring force. An equivalent dynamic model of the rolling electromagnetic vibration energy harvester is constructed based on the nonlinear analysis method, and the motion equation of the moving magnet in the system is re-evaluated. The finite element method was used to calculate the nonlinear magnetic force, the system damping was estimated through experiments, and the influence of damping on the output performance was analyzed. Connected the resistive load at both ends of the coils, the effect of the Lorentz force on the output is analyzed by comparing the calculation results and experimental results of the energy harvester. The results showed that the maximum error between the calculated value and the experimental value of the load voltage was reduced from 20% to 9% under the condition of 13.5 Hz, after considering the effect of the Lorentz force on the output performance; the resistive load value corresponding to the maximum power is changed from 114 to 160. By comparing the results of simulation and experiment, it is proved that the equivalent model considering nonlinear effects can guide the experimental research of such structures.
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表 1 计算感应电压和实验感应电压
频率/Hz 振幅/mm 计算电压峰值/V 实验电压峰值/V 7 ±1 mm 2.371 2.246 8 ±1 mm 2.432 2.378 9 ±1 mm 2.573 2.541 10 ±1 mm 2.975 3.023 11 ±1 mm 3.475 3.521 12 ±1 mm 4.148 4.104 13 ±1 mm 4.413 4.37 13.5 ±1 mm 4.52 4.603 14 ±1 mm 4.011 4.137 14.5 ±1 mm 2.244 2.214 15 ±1 mm 2.119 1.948 16 ±1 mm 1.47 1.597 
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