Numerical Simulations and Experiments on Dynamic Performance Change of Linear Motor Feed System
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摘要: 为确定随工作台移动进给系统动态响应演变规律, 利用达朗贝尔原理建立了工作台处于不同位置的直线电机进给系统动力学模型, 基于ANSYS Workbench平台数值模拟分析了工作台处于最左端、中间、最右端位置处的直线电机进给系统模态响应, 得到其前4阶固有频率和振型。采用锤击法单点激励多点拾振对两轴联动直线电机进给系统进行模态测试试验, 利用LMS测试分析系统得到三种不同位置处的固有频率和振型, 试验验证了直线电机进给系统工作台在不同位置移动过程中动态响应数值模拟的正确性和合理性, 同时发现随工作台位置变化直线电机进给系统动态特性也随之改变, 当工作台处于中间位置时系统模态低阶固有频率大于左右两端位置处, 且随着工作台位置的变化系统质量分布出现偏移, 为合理确定复杂工况下直线电机进给系统动态时变特性提供依据。Abstract: In order to determine the dynamic performance change of the linear motor feed system with its worktable moving, the dynamic model of the linear motor feed system with the worktable at different positions was established with the D'Alembert principle. Based on the numerical simulation of the ANSYS Workbench platform, the modal responses of the linear motor feed system whose worktable was located at the leftmost, middle and rightmost positions were obtained for the first 4 orders of natural frequencies and mode shapes. The modal experiments on the two-axis linear motor feed system were carried out by using the single-point excitation and multi-point vibration picking method that uses a hammer. The natural frequencies and vibration modes at three different positions were obtained by the LMS test analysis system. The experimental results verify the correctness and rationality of the numerical simulation of the dynamic response of the linear motor feed system when its worktable moves at different positions. It is also found that the dynamic characteristics of the linear motor feed system change with the worktable position. The low-order natural frequency of the feed system is greater when the worktable is at the middle position than at the leftmost and rightmost positions, and its mass distribution shifts with the change of the worktable position, providing a basis for the reasonable determination of the dynamic time-varying characteristics of the linear motor feed system under complex working conditions.
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Key words:
- linear motor feed system /
- dynamic performance change /
- modal analysis /
- workbench /
- LMS
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表 1 导轨结合面参数
参数名称 数值 导轨滑块Y向刚度Ky 4.2×109 N/m 导轨滑块Z向刚度Kz 3.4×109 N/m 导轨滑块X向阻尼Cx 1 900 N·s/m 导轨滑块Y向阻尼Cy 1 900 N·s/m 导轨滑块Z向阻尼Cz 10 N·s/m 动子滑板X向刚度Ks 1.38×105 N/m 
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表 2 进给系统不同位置前四阶固有频率及振型
位置分布 阶次 频率/Hz 振型描述 最左端位置 1 85.52 Y轴绕X方向小幅扭转 2 87.59 X轴沿Z方向小幅振动 3 207.76 Y轴沿Z方向振动 4 226.31 X轴沿Z方向振动 中间位置 1 87.589 X轴沿Z方向小幅振动 2 90.057 Y轴沿Z方向小幅振动 3 226.31 X轴沿Z方向上下摆动 4 239.51 Y轴沿Z方向上下摆动 最右端位置 1 85.628 Y轴绕X方向小幅扭转 2 87.602 X轴沿Z方向小幅振动 3 207.94 Y轴沿Z方向振动 4 227.05 X轴沿Z方向振动
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表 3 试验结果与仿真结果数据对比
位置 阶次 仿真频率/Hz 试验频率/Hz 误差/% 最左侧 1 85.52 84.04 -1.76 2 87.59 90.43 3.14 3 207.76 184.52 -12.59 4 226.31 200.40 -12.93 中间 1 87.589 87.50 -0.10 2 90.057 106.25 15.24 3 226.31 196.875 -14.95 4 239.51 237.50 -0.85 最右侧 1 85.628 84.30 -1.58 2 87.602 91.41 4.20 3 207.94 188.27 -10.45 4 227.05 201.37 -12.75
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