Internal Flow Field Analysis and Optimal Design of Automotive Compressor Pipe System
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摘要: 针对某电动客车的往复式压缩机组振动明显，本文就其中一段管路进行气流脉动研究，而孔板是抑制气流脉动最简单有效的方法，虽然在相关行业中已被广泛应用，但是目前孔板的各个设计所需参数还处于靠经验取值阶段。针对这种情况，根据计算流体动力学(CFD)方法建立了管道系统的流体力学模型，选择了合理的边界条件，通过数值模拟，分析了不同孔径比、孔板厚度、孔板位置对管道系统气流脉动的影响，并与无孔板的情况进行了比较，表明添加适当尺寸参数的孔板确实对管道系统的气流脉动具有良好的抑制效果。Abstract: In view of the obvious vibration of a reciprocating compressor unit of an electric bus, this article studies the air flow pulsation of one of the pipelines, and the orifice plate is the simplest and most effective method to suppress the air flow pulsation. Although it has been widely used in related industries, it is currently used. The parameters required for each design of the orifice plate are still at the stage of value selection by experience. In view of this situation, the fluid dynamics model of the pipeline system was established according to the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method, and reasonable boundary conditions were selected. Through numerical simulation, the influence of the different aperture ratio, orifice plate thickness, orifice plate position on airflow pulsation of the pipeline system is analyzed and compared with that of non-perforated plates. Results show that adding an orifice plate with appropriate size parameters does have a good suppression effect on the airflow pulsation of the piping system.
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表 1 KYV480车用活塞压缩机主要技术参数
参数 数值 进气压力/MPa 0.1 排气压力/MPa 0.8 额定转速/(r·min-1) 1 500 排气温度/℃ 60 气缸半径/mm 35 曲柄半径/mm 12 连杆长度/mm 134 
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表 2 不同孔径比的孔板压力不均匀度
孔径比 监测点1/% 监测点2/% 监测点3/% 监测点4/% 压力衰减比/% 0.2 7.01 6.17 0.48 0.03 2.970 0.3 2.39 1.48 0.23 0.03 0.650 0.4 1.42 0.52 0.14 0.03 0.200 0.5 1.18 0.27 0.12 0.03 0.070 0.6 1.09 0.19 0.12 0.03 0.020 0.7 1.07 0.16 0.12 0.03 0.010 0.8 1.05 0.15 0.12 0.03 0.007 0.9 1.05 0.14 0.12 0.02 0.005 1.0 10.40 - - 0.20 -
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表 3 不同厚度的孔板压力不均匀度
孔板厚/mm 监测点1/% 监测点2/% 监测点3/% 监测点4/% 压力衰减比/% 4 2.35 1.44 0.23 0.03 0.61 8 2.48 1.55 0.17 0.03 0.57 12 2.60 1.69 0.16 0.03 0.58 16 2.70 1.85 0.16 0.03 0.70 20 3.00 2.13 0.18 0.03 0.70 24 2.48 1.67 0.16 0.03 0.52 28 4.64 3.87 0.20 0.03 1.14 32 7.33 7.60 0.22 0.03 2.48
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表 4 不同位置的孔板压力不均匀度
孔板位置/mm 监测点1/% 监测点2/% 监测点3/% 监测点4/% 压力衰减比/% 150 2.35 1.44 0.23 0.03 0.61 283 2.43 1.64 0.31 0.03 0.68 526 2.43 1.84 0.5 0.03 0.66
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