Application of FE-SEA Method with Full Excitation in Excavator Cab Noise Prediction
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摘要: 根据某型挖掘机驾驶室噪声的频谱特性,确定其主要噪声成分为中频噪声。为了准确模拟该噪声水平,采用有限元-统计能量混合分析方法,建立FE-SEA仿真模型;通过计算,获取子系统的模态密度、内损耗因子及耦合损耗因子。利用试验方法测量驾驶室外声场的声压数据及悬置振动数据,作为激励施加在混合模型的相应子系统上。仿真计算驾驶室内部噪声,在200 ~ 1000 Hz中频范围内仿真误差仅为2.38%,验证了混合模型的准确性以及FE-SEA方法对中频噪声问题的适用性。据此结果,进一步分析驾驶室板件的噪声贡献度,找到驾驶室的声学薄弱部位,为优化改进指明方向。Abstract: According to the frequency spectrum characteristic of the excavator cab noise, it was found that the main noise component is medium-frequency noise. In order to accurately simulate the noise level inside cab, the finite element and statistical energy analysis methods were jointly applied and FE-SEA hybrid simulation model was established. Through theoretical calculation, the modal density, internal loss factor and coupling loss factor were obtained. The sound pressure data of driving outdoor sound field and suspension vibration data were measured by the test method and applied to the corresponding subsystem of the hybrid model as excitation. In the simulation calculation of cabin noise, the simulation error is only 2.38% in the range of 200-1000 Hz, which verifies the accuracy of the hybrid model and the applicability of FE-SEA method to medium-frequency noise. Based on the results, the noise contribution of cab plate was further analyzed, and the acoustic weak part of cab was found, which indicates the direction for optimization and improvement.
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Key words:
- medium-frequency noise /
- statistical energy analysis /
- hybrid model /
- noise contribution
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表 1 不同频段总声压级
频段/Hz 总声压级/dB(A) 20 ~ 21000 82.80 20 ~ 1000 82.39 200 ~ 1000 82.33 300 ~ 1000 80.73 200 ~ 900 81.54 表 2 SEA结构子系统
编号 子系统 结构性质 1 顶棚 平板 2 靠背 平板 3 地板 平板 4 右侧围 平板 5 车门窗前玻璃 平板 6 车门窗后玻璃 平板 7 驾驶室前上玻璃 平板 8 驾驶室前下玻璃 平板 9 驾驶室右玻璃 平板 10 天窗玻璃 单曲面板 11 驾驶室左玻璃 单曲面板 12 驾驶室后玻璃 单曲面板 表 3 SEA子系统内损耗因子
中心频率/Hz 顶棚 靠背 地板 右侧围 驾驶室前上玻璃 200 0.006128 0.012598 0.008339 0.009621 0.026344 250 0.005528 0.011343 0.007503 0.008650 0.023749 315 0.004975 0.010188 0.006730 0.007754 0.021361 400 0.004469 0.009134 0.006022 0.006931 0.019183 500 0.004050 0.008265 0.005433 0.006249 0.017388 630 0.003664 0.007473 0.004890 0.005619 0.015751 800 0.003313 0.006759 0.004393 0.005042 0.014279 1000 0.003025 0.006184 0.003982 0.004564 0.013095 -
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