Study on Static Strength and Fatigue Load of Passenger Vehicle Suspension System
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摘要: 为了快速获得平台悬架静强度与疲劳载荷，本文依据某A级平台5款量产车型试验场道路载荷数据，以前麦弗逊悬架为研究对象，先对轮心载荷幅值进行统计分析，根据应力-强度干涉模型，得到该平台前悬架的强度载荷边界，及其与车辆满载轮荷的G载荷系数。再通过研究5款车型车轮轮心疲劳伪损伤与轮荷的关联关系，得到该平台悬架的疲劳载荷。此方法可快速获得同平台悬架静强度与疲劳载荷，省去实车道路谱采集并提升了工作效率。Abstract: In order to quickly acquire the static strength and fatigue load data of a platform suspension, the front Macpherson suspensions of five type volume production vehicles of A-level car platform were selected as the research objects. Firstly, the wheel load amplitude of proving ground test of each type vehicle was statistically analyzed. Secondly, based on the stress-strength interference model, the strength load boundary of the suspension and its wheel load coefficient G were obtained. Thirdly, the fatigue load of the platform suspension was obtained based on the relation between wheel axle Pseudo damage and wheel load. This method can quickly obtain the static strength and fatigue load of the suspension of the same platform, eliminate the real vehicle road spectrum collection and improve the efficiency.
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Key words:
- proving ground test load /
- chassis suspension /
- static strength load /
- fatigue load
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表 1 某车型平台车型及前悬轮荷
序号 车型 前悬轮荷(满载) / kg 1 Car 460 2 SUV-1 497 3 MPV-1 540 4 SUV-2 563 5 SUV-3 610 
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表 2 试验场道路工况及循环次数
序号 工况描述 循环次数 序号 工况描述 循环次数 1 搓板路 N1 9 标准坡 N9 2 扭曲路 N2 10 卵石路 N10 3 制动 N3 11 共振路 N11 4 坑洼路 N4 12 石块路 N12 5 路缘冲击路 N5 13 砂石路 N13 6 长坡路 N6 14 凸块路 N14 7 铁轨 N7 15 绕八字 N15 8 减速带 N8 16 三点掉头 N16
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表 3 SUV-1试验场道路工况幅值范围信息
序号 工况描述 纵向/N 侧向/N 垂向/N 1 搓板路 −2943~1812 −1360~1586 530~8876 2 扭曲路 −1563~842 −781.3~1360 987~7484 3 制动 −1558~6968 −1627~1452 −128~7413 4 坑洼路 −3097~4647 −1150~1964 −440~111145 5 路缘冲击路 −1657~756 −938~1971 −618~9604 6 长坡路 −1552~887 −1393~778 1916~8244 7 铁轨 −812~363 −16~770 4284~5047 8 减速带 −1955~1319 −479~417 3017~5435 9 标准坡 −3858~3388 −1294~1999 1161~7468 10 卵石路 −2588~3211 −2645~2950 353~8257 11 共振路 −3173~2811 −947~1226 94~10014 12 石块路 −3144~2951 −2084~2844 −212~9947 13 砂石路 −2767~1241 −1169~2047 340~8134 14 凸块路 −3180~3097 −1422~2806 604~7162 15 绕八字 −2073~699 −2143~5423 474~7473 16 三点掉头 −2747~1866 −2855~3571 2211~6443
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表 4 各车型试验场道路谱纵向、侧向、垂向幅值范围信息
N 工况 Car SUV-1 MPV SUV-2 SUV-3 均值 最大 最小 均值 最大 最小 均值 最大 最小 均值 最大 最小 均值 最大 最小 纵向 制动 −315 5677 −2444 −124 6968 −1558 −424 7157 −2979 −446 7335 −3548 −232 9433 −3013 坑洼路 −47 2438 −1486 −206 4647 −3097 −675 6117 −3114 −635 5250 −2704 −695 5480 −3271 标准坡 −231 2712 −3015 −295 3388 −3858 −633 4815 −5348 −317 3790 −3418 −218 4653 −4595 共振路 −224 3055 −2676 −625 2811 −3173 −207 3296 −3143 −442 2933 −4061 −98 3984 −3766 石块路 −257 3503 −3202 −370 2951 −3144 −295 3695 −3389 −418 3502 −3183 −259 4663 −3170 侧向 凸块路 −269 2934 −3412 −414 3097 −3180 −314 3427 −4220 −413 2213 −2832 −287 3198 −3254 卵石路 305 3456 −2307 −181 2950 −2645 247 2685 −2083 64 3808 −2539 230 4570 −3743 三点掉头 454 3960 −2965 498 3571 −2855 768 3244 −1867 187 2689 −3097 352 4152 −3529 绕八字 1073 5230 −2593 952 5423 −2143 984 6226 −2085 −12 5305 −3051 308 7508 −3399 石块路 240 3378 −1710 60 2844 −2084 354 2858 −1870 −171 2840 −2621 258 3787 −2110 垂向 坑洼路 4262 10059 −341 4147 11145 −440 5092 12535 −616 5137 13221 −212 5475 14763 −602 路缘冲击 4408 9287 −367 4498 9604 −618 5454 11308 −877 5421 10603 −674 5590 13232 −642 石块路 4372 9763 −40 4209 9947 −212 5078 10811 −261 5169 11985 −144 5381 12193 −490 共振路 4352 9769 67 4175 10014 94 5038 11443 312 5166 11557 354 5430 12390 23
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表 5 SUV-1车型垂向载荷幅值统计信息
N 类别 组1 组2 组3 组4 组5 平均值μ 标准差σ 垂向Z− −367 −405 −280 −351 −332 −347.0 41.3 垂向Z+ 11145 12510 10901 11045 10705 11261.2 641.7
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表 6 各车型G载荷系数范围
方向 Car SUV-1 MPV SUV-2 SUV-3 Min Max Min Max Min Max Min Max Min Max 纵向 −0.7 1.4 −0.8 1.4 −0.8 1.3 −0.7 1.3 −0.8 1.5 侧向 −0.6 1.1 −0.6 1.0 −0.4 1.1 −0.5 0.9 −0.6 1.2 垂向 −0.09 2.5 −0.09 2.5 −0.11 2.4 −0.12 2.4 −0.11 2.4
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表 7 各车型主要方向伪损伤
方向 Car SUV-1 MPV SUV-2 SUV-3 纵向 1.18 1.21 2.10 1.92 2.90 侧向 0.11 0.17 0.20 0.27 0.43 垂向 12.44 13.11 26.50 25.70 37.54
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