42CrMo轴承钢超声滚挤压表面加工硬化程度研究

王晓强; 刘东亚; 阮孝林; 刘飞

doi:10.13433/j.cnki.1003-8728.20200052

42CrMo轴承钢超声滚挤压表面加工硬化程度研究

doi: 10.13433/j.cnki.1003-8728.20200052

王晓强^{1, 2,},
刘东亚¹,
阮孝林¹,
刘飞¹

1.
河南科技大学机电工程学院，河南洛阳　471003
2.
机械装备先进制造河南省协同创新中心，河南洛阳　471003

基金项目: 国家重点研发计划重点专项（2018YFB2000405）与国家自然科学基金项目（U1804145）资助

详细信息

作者简介:
王晓强（1972−），教授，博士，研究方向为先进制造技术和精密制造技术研究，wang_xq2002@163.com

中图分类号: TG376.1
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2019-10-16
- 网络出版日期: 2020-12-08
- 刊出日期: 2020-12-05

Study on Work Hardening Degree in Ultrasonic Rolling Extrusion of 42CrMo Bearing Steel

1.
School of Mechatronics Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, He' nan Luoyang 471003, China
2.
Collaborative Innovation Center of Machinery Equipment Advanced Manufacturing of Henan Province, He' nan Luoyang 471003, China

摘要

摘要: 为探究超声滚挤压强化对42CrMo轴承钢表面加工硬化程度的影响，本文通过正交试验、极差分析、方差分析探究各工艺参数对加工硬化程度的影响规律、显著性和贡献率，采用逐步回归的方法构建超声滚挤压表面加工硬化程度预测模型。研究表明：超声振幅和静压力是影响42CrMo材料应变的主要因素，而工件转速和进给速度影响应变的分布；振幅表面加工硬化程度影响最大，贡献率达到了71.61%，进给速度最小，贡献率仅为0.41%；表面硬化程度随超声振幅、静压力增大而增大，随工件转速的增大先增大后减小，随进给速度增大缓慢减小；基于逐步回归预测模型获得的加工硬化程度值与实测值基本一致，所构建的预测模型整体显著性较强具有很高的可靠性和预测能力。
- 超声滚挤压 /
- 42CrMo轴承钢 /
- 加工硬化程度 /
- 正交试验 /
- 逐步回归
Abstract: In order to investigate the effect of the ultrasonic rolling extrusion on the surface work hardening of 42CrMo bearing steel. With the orthogonal test, range analysis and variance analysis, the influence rule, significance and contribution rate of the process parameters on the work hardening degree were explored, and the prediction model for the work hardening degree of the ultrasonic roll extrusion surface was established with the stepwise regression method. The results show that the ultrasonic amplitude and static pressure are the main factors affecting the strain of 42CrMo bearing steel, while the rotational speed and feed speed of workpiece affect the strain distribution; the amplitude surface work hardening degree has the greatest influence, the contribution rate is of 71.61%, the feed speed is the smallest, the contribution rate is only of 0.41%; the surface hardening degree increases with the increasing of ultrasonic amplitude and static pressure, and increases firstly with the increasing of workpiece rotational speed. The prediction model based on the stepwise regression prediction model is basically consistent with the measured results, and the prediction model has strong overall significance, high reliability and prediction ability.
- ultrasonic rolling extrusion /
- 42CrMo /
- work hardening degree /
- orthogonal test /
- stepwise regression

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图 1 超声滚挤压表面强化加工原理示意图

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图 2 超声滚挤压强化过程

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图 3 HVS-1000A型数显显微维氏硬度计

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图 4 维氏显微硬度测量原理

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图 5 各工艺参数对加工硬化程度的影响规律

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图 6 预测结果与试验结果对比

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表 1 材料42CrMo中各元素的质量分数 %

元素	C	Mn	Cr	Mo	Si	Ni	P	Fe
所占比例	0.37	0.77	0.98	0.21	0.15	0.04	0.03	97.41

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表 2 超声滚挤压工艺参数

水平次序	n/(r·min⁻¹）	f/(mm·min⁻¹)	A/μm	F/N
1	100	10	6	150
2	225	22	10	225
3	350	34	15	375
4	475	46	20	525
5	600	60	25	630

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表 3 正交试验结果

序号	n	f	A	F	硬度H_V	加工硬化程度N_H
1	1	1	1	1	667.16	105.76%
2	1	2	2	2	679.32	107.68%
3	1	3	3	3	695.08	110.18%
4	1	4	4	4	703.65	111.54%
5	1	5	5	5	710.84	112.68%
6	2	1	2	3	692.69	109.80%
7	2	2	3	4	703.93	111.58%
8	2	3	4	5	711.53	112.79%
9	2	4	5	1	701.27	111.16%
10	2	5	1	2	674.08	106.85%
11	3	1	3	5	709.44	112.46%
12	3	2	4	1	698.31	110.69%
13	3	3	5	2	707.85	112.21%
14	3	4	1	3	682.74	108.23%
15	3	5	2	4	697.50	110.56%
16	4	1	4	2	705.99	111.91%
17	4	2	5	3	715.22	113.37%
18	4	3	1	4	690.02	109.38%
19	4	4	2	5	700.63	111.06%
20	4	5	3	1	694.53	110.09%
21	5	1	5	4	719.36	114.03%
22	5	2	1	5	689.70	109.33%
23	5	3	2	1	685.71	108.70%
24	5	4	3	2	696.03	110.33%
25	5	5	4	3	705.93	111.90%
K_1j	109.568%	110.791%	107.909%	109.281%	−	−
K_2j	110.438%	110.532%	109.561%	109.797%	−	−
K_3j	110.829%	110.651%	110.930%	110.697%	−	−
K_4j	111.164%	110.464%	111.767%	111.420%	−	−
K_5j	110.858%	110.419%	112.691%	111.663%	−	−
R_j	1.596%	0.373%	4.782%	2.382%	−	−
排序	3	4	1	2	−	−

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表 4 方差分析

因素	偏差平方和	自由度	均方差	F比值	贡献率/%
n	7.96×10⁻⁴	4	0.000199	244.219	7.78
f	4.5×10⁻⁵	4	0.000011	13.830	0.41
A	7.309×10⁻³	4	0.001827	2241.066	71.61
F	2.045×10⁻³	4	0.000511	627.081	20.01
误差	6.52×10⁻⁶	8	8.15×10⁻⁷	−	0.19
总和	1.020 2×10⁻²	24	−	−	100

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表 5 验证试验结果

序号	n/(r·min⁻¹）	f//(mm·min⁻¹）	A/μm	F/N	加工硬化程度N_H/%
1	600	22	25	375	113.75
2	475	34	15	525	111.66
3	350	46	6	630	109.48
4	225	34	6	225	107.77
5	100	10	10	225	107.96

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