Real-time Error Compensation Method for Gantry Milling Machine
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摘要: 龙门铣床广泛应用于航空航天领域大型零件的精密加工，其几何与热误差均对加工精度有显著影响。本文基于西门子840D数控系统内置的补偿接口，以及作者提出的大型机床的关键误差分析、辨识及建模方法，在建立好的主轴热误差及主进给轴的几何与热综合误差数学模型的基础上，提出了一种大型龙门铣床主轴及进给轴多项主要变形的补偿方法，开发了相应的补偿系统，并实现了主轴热误差和主进给轴（x轴）综合误差的实时控制补偿，验证了该方法的有效性。Abstract: Gantry milling machine is widely used in precision machining of large-scale parts of aviation and aerospace. Geometric and Thermal errors have significant influence on machining accuracy. A compensation method of multiple geometric and thermal deformation for gantry milling machine is proposed, based on SIEMENS 840D numerical control system, and the key error analysis, identification and modeling methods of large machine proposed in this paper, after the establishment of mathematical models of the thermal error of the spindle and the geometric and thermal comprehensive error of the main feed axis. The compensation system was developed, which can realize the real time control compensation of thermal errors of spindle system, and geometric and thermal errors of the main feeding (x) axis.
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表 1 通道与温度传感器对照
通道号 温度传感器测头位置 补偿程序中的编号 1# 主轴端盖圆柱面的最下端、y向最大坐标位置 T1 2# 主轴箱最下端的水平平面、x向最大坐标位置 T2 3# 主轴箱与上轴承在同一水平直线的位置 T3 4# x轴丝杠螺母位置 T4 5# x轴右轴承座位置 T5 6# 床身 T6 
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