Influence of Carbon Content on Mechanical Properties of 316L Stainless Steel Via SLM
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摘要: 通过添加石墨碳粉改变SLM成形过程中316L不锈钢的碳元素含量，研究3D打印过程中不同碳含量对316L不锈钢微观结构和力学性能的影响。结果表明：随着碳含量的增加，不同碳含量的316L不锈钢的硬度也随之增加，而拉伸强度性能却随之先增大后减小。通过对断口形貌的观察发现，在低、中碳含量下的断裂状态为韧性断裂，而在高碳含量下的断裂为脆性断裂。这是由于碳元素所形成的碳化物在低含量阶段增强了不锈钢的拉伸性能，但随着碳含量增多，微裂纹所形成的缺陷逐渐起到主导地位，严重影响拉伸性能。Abstract: Graphite to add in 316L stainless steel change the carbon content in the selective laser melting (SLM). The influence of the carbon content on the microstructure and mechanical properties of 316L stainless steel was investigated. The results showed that the hardness of 316L stainless steel increased the increasing of carbon content, and the tensile strength decreased after increase due to the carbides enhance the tensile properties of stainless steel. Through the observation of the fracture morphology, it is found that the fractures at low and medium carbon content are ductile, while the fracture at high carbon content is brittle. With the increase of microcracks, the defects gradually play a leading role, which seriously affects the tensile properties.
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Key words:
- SLM /
- 316L stainless steel /
- carbon content /
- mechanical properties
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表 1 316L不锈钢粉末化学成分表
元素 Cr Mo Ni Si Mn S P O 质量分数/wt% 16.79 2.42 10.66 1.00 0.20 0.011 0.025 0.025 
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表 2 不同石墨添加量样品实际碳含量
样品 实际碳含量测量值 碳元素吸收率/% 316L 0.005 0.1%+316L 0.09 90 0.2%+316L 0.17 85 0.3%+316L 0.23 76.7
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表 3 不同碳含量316L不锈钢样品的拉伸性能参数
样品 拉伸断裂应变/% 最大载荷应变/% 杨氏模量/GPa 拉伸屈服应力/MPa 最大载荷应力/MPa 316L 21.449 23 15.991 48 87.315 99 565.207 05 718.636 96 0.1%C+316L 23.578 92 17.791 31 117.028 28 780.055 44 946.127 44 0.2%C+316L 24.112 60 18.070 45 132.056 68 604.409 35 761.157 17 0.3%C+316L 0.600 91 1.0409 7 109.151 14 551.560 57 591.830 57
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