Effect of Roundness Error of Carbon Fiber Sheath of High-speed Motor Rotor on Air-friction Loss
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摘要: 永磁体碳纤维护套圆度误差对转子表面风摩损耗和电机温度场具有重要影响，进而影响永磁体的不可逆退磁和电机运行的安全性，但该问题目前尚未圆满解决。为此，本文建立永磁同步高速大功率电机计入碳纤维护套圆度误差的气隙三维不可压缩稳态湍流数学模型，基于CFD对模型进行求解，研究永磁体护套圆度误差、冷却参数、转速和温度边界对转子表面风摩损耗的影响规律，并通过与经验公式的计算结果进行比较对模型方法进行特例验证。研究结果表明：随着圆度误差幅值的增大，转子表面风摩损耗不断增加，定子内表面和转子外表面的散热量亦随之增加。Abstract: The roundness error of a permanent magnet carbon fiber sheath affects the rotor surface air-friction loss, the motor temperature field and the safety of the motor operation, it also irreversibly demagnetizes the permanent magnet. Therefore, this paper established a three-dimensional incompressible steady-state turbulent mathematical model of the air gap of the permanent magnet synchronous high-speed and high-power motor to reduce the carbon fiber sheath roundness error and then solved the model based on CFD (computational fluid dynamics). The effects of roundness error, cooling parameters, rotating speed and temperature boundary of the permanent magnet sheath on the rotor surface air-friction loss were studied, and the special case was verified by comparing the calculation results on the empirical formula. The results show that, with the increase of the roundness error amplitude, the rotor surface air-friction loss increases continuously and that the heat dissipation of the inner surface of the stator and the outer surface of the rotor also increases.
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表 1 气隙模型几何参数
几何参数 数值/mm 转子外径 59 定子内径 60 铁芯长度 170 圆度误差幅值 0, 0.05, 0.10, 0.20, 0.30, 0.40, 0.50 
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表 2 不同圆度误差幅值下的转子表面风摩损耗、切应力和平均线速度
圆度误
差类型圆度误差
幅值/mm转子表面
切应力/N转子表面平均
速度/(m·s-1)转子表面
风摩损耗/W椭圆形 0 4.08 185.34 756.47 0.05 4.13 185.41 765.61 0.10 4.21 185.49 780.39 0.20 4.35 185.64 808.43 0.30 4.53 185.80 841.12 0.40 4.74 185.96 880.79 0.50 5.00 186.11 929.04
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表 3 左侧出风口面积不同条件下的气隙入口速度和转子表面风摩损耗
圆度误
差类型圆度误差
幅值/mm左侧出风口面
积缩小的占比气隙入口
速度/(m·s-1)转子表面风
摩损耗/W椭圆形 0.2 0 0 790.83 0.2 1/4 0.04 805.59 0.2 1/3 0.09 807.98 0.2 1/2 0.13 815.43
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