Influence of Length-diameter Ratio of Squeeze Film Damper on Dynamic Characteristics of Windmill Rub-impact Rotor System
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摘要: 为了研究挤压油膜阻尼器长径比对转子系统风车定点碰摩动力学特性的影响，搭建了转子-轴承-刚性机匣系统风车不平衡模拟碰摩实验台，简化实验器得双盘-滚动轴承转子模型，在实验之前对双盘-滚动轴承转子风车状态下定点碰摩故障动力学响应特性进行研究，为实验做出相应的预估。将双盘-滚动轴承转子系统碰摩模型简化为集中质量模型，基于达朗贝尔原理建立了考虑非线性油膜力、碰摩力以及支承轴承力作用的双盘-滚动轴承转子系统碰摩非线性动力学运动方程，采用四阶Runge-Kutta法对动力学运动方程进行求解，分析了系统响应位移随挤压油膜阻尼器长径比的变化规律。结果表明：长径比是影响转子系统运动状态的敏感参数，若增大长径比，转子系统运动状态先后经历混沌运动、周期运动、拟周期运动和混沌运动，之后一直维持在混沌运动状态；随长径比增大，转子系统抗失效不平衡量呈现先增大后缓慢减小的趋势；长径比在0.4时，转子系统抗振性能最优。Abstract: In order to study the influence of the length-diameter ratio of the squeeze film damper on the fixed-point rub-impact of the rotor system, a windmill unbalanced simulation rubbing test bench of rotor-bearing-rigid casing system was built. Simplify the experimental model to obtain the double-disk rolling bearing rotor dynamical model. Before the experiment, study the dynamic response of the fixed-point rubbing fault in the double-disk-rolling bearing rotor windmill state, and make corresponding predictions for the experiment. Simplifying the rub-impact model of the double-disk rolling bearing rotor system into a concentrated mass model, based on the D'Alembert principle, the nonlinear equation of rub-impact dynamics of a double-disk rolling bearing rotor system considering nonlinear oil film force, rubbing force and bearing force was established. Solving dynamic equations by the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method, the variation law of system's displacement response with length-diameter ratio of squeeze film damper was analyzed. The results show that the length-diameter ratio is the sensitive parameter to affect the motion state of the rotor. If increasing length-diameter ratio, the motion state of the rotor maybe experiences chaotic motion, periodic motion, quasi-periodic motion and chaotic motion and finally maintains chaotic motion; as the length-diameter ratio increases, the anti-failure imbalance of the rotor system increases first and then decreases slowly; the rotor system has the best anti-vibration performance when the length-diameter ratio is near 0.4.
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表 1 转子系统参数
转子系统参数 转子系统参数初值 mi(i=1, 2, 3, 4, 5)/kg 46.88, 8, 6, 54.94, 8 ki(i=1, 2, 3, 4, c)/(N·m-1) 3×107, 3.8×107, 5×107, 8.2×107, 8×107 ci(1, 2, 3, 4, 5)/((N·s)·m-1) 1 200, 2 000, 1 000, 1 200, 2 000 μc 0.2 ei(i=1, 2)/mm 0.05 φ/(°) 0 
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表 2 挤压油膜阻尼器参数
SFD参数 SFD参数初值 轴颈半径Ri(i=1, 5)/mm 70 轴颈长度Li(i=1, 5)/mm 20 油膜半径间隙ci(i=1, 5)/mm 0.2 滑油黏度μi(i=1, 5)/Pa·s 0.01
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