Multi-objective Optimization and Design of Six-component Wheel Force Transducer Structure
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摘要: 以六分量车轮力传感器为研究对象,进行考虑一致灵敏度和低耦合度的传感器结构多目标优化设计。首先利用有限元分析确定应变计位置,并设计测力电桥。采用最优拉丁超立方实验设计方法分析传感器结构参数对灵敏度和耦合度的影响程度。建立起考虑一致灵敏度和低耦合度的多目标结构优化设计模型,并采用NSGA-Ⅱ遗传算法求解该优化设计问题。优化设计后的传感器最大耦合降到3.8%,条件数降低到2.39,在一致灵敏度和低耦合度两个相互矛盾的性能间取得了较好的平衡。Abstract: This paper studies the multi-objective optimization and design of the structure of a six-component wheel force transducer with the uniform sensitivity and the low coupling considered. Firstly, the position of the strain gauge is determined with the finite element method, and then the force bridge is designed. The optimal Latin hypercube experimental design method is used to analyze the influence of structural parameters on sensitivity and coupling. A multi-objective structural optimization design model is established and solved by NSGA-Ⅱ. After optimization, the maximum coupling of the transducer is reduced to 3.8%, and the condition number is reduced to 2.39. A good balance between two contradictory properties of uniform sensitivity and low coupling has been achieved.
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表 1 初始尺寸下六分量车轮力传感器性能参数
电桥 Fx=20 000 N Fy=30 000 N Fz=30 000 N Mx=6 000 N·m My=4 000 N·m Mz=4 000 N·m Con si1 ei1/% si2 ei2/% si3 ei3/% si4 ei4/% si5 ei5/% si6 ei6/% SFx 1.06 - 0.01 0.9 0.01 0.9 -0.01 0.9 0.00 0 0.17 16.0 SFy 0.00 0 1.71 - -0.01 0.6 0.01 0.6 0.00 0 0.09 5.3 SFz 0.00 0 0.01 0.6 1.71 - 0.00 0 -0.08 5.3 0.00 0 SMx 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 1.41 - 0.00 0 0.00 0 SMy 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.62 - 0.00 0 SMz 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.62 - 2.76 表 2 优化后的六分量车轮力传感器性能参数
电桥 Fx=20 000 N Fy=30 000 N Fz=30 000 N Mx=6 000 N·m My=4 000 N·m Mz=4 000 N·m Con si1 ei1/% si2 ei2/% si3 ei3/% si4 ei4/% si5 ei5/% si6 ei6/% SFx 1.02 - 0.00 0 0.00 0 -0.01 1.0 0.00 0.9 0.01 1.0 SFy 0.00 0 1.58 - 0.00 0 -0.02 1.3 0.00 0 0.06 3.8 SFz 0.00 0 -0.01 0.6 1.58 - 0.01 0.6 -0.06 3.8 0.00 0 SMx 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 1.29 - 0.00 0 0.00 0 SMy 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.01 1.5 0.00 0 0.66 - 0.00 0 SMz 0.00 0 -0.01 1.5 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.66 - 2.39 -
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