Development and Experiments of Biaxial Tensile Testing Machine for Rubber Materials
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摘要: 基于国内外双轴拉伸试验机的研究现状与橡胶材料双轴拉伸试验的需求，自主研制了一台集成了高精度应变测量系统的橡胶双轴拉伸试验机。通过对试验机的总体设计进行分析，设计了双轴拉伸试验机的主机结构及试验机的测控系统，最后将试验机主机与测控系统进行集成调试，完成整个橡胶双轴拉伸试验机的研制工作。利用所开发的双轴拉伸试验机对哑铃状炭黑填充天然橡胶试件进行多次X向和Y向的单轴拉伸试验，将试验结果与万能试验机的结果进行对比，验证了试验机的两轴拉伸性能的一致性、重复性与准确性；对所设计的十字形橡胶试件进行了等双轴拉伸试验，通过对结果的分析证明了试验的准确性。Abstract: Based on the domestic and foreign research status of biaxial tensile testing machine and the requirement of biaxial tensile test for rubber materials, a biaxial tensile test machine for rubber materials is designed and developed. The overall design of the biaxial tensile testing machine for rubber materials was analyzed. The mainframe and the measurement and control system of the testing machine was designed. Finally, the mainframe and the measurement and control system were integrated and debugged, and the whole biaxial tensile testing machine for rubber materials was completed. The uniaxial tension tests of dumbbell shaped silica filled natural rubber specimens were carried out in X and Y axes of the biaxial tensile machine designed by the authors. The testing results were compared with the results of the universal testing machine, and the consistency, repeatability and accuracy of the two axis stretching performance of the biaxial test machine are verified. The equi-biaxial tension test for the cruciform rubber specimen was carried out and the accuracy in this test is proved by analyzing the results.
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Key words:
- rubber /
- biaxial tensile /
- testing machine /
- development /
- cruciform specimen
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表 1 炭黑填充天然橡胶配方表(质量份)
橡胶代号 NR1 NR2 天然橡胶10#(STR) 100 100 N220炭黑 45 30 氧化锌 5 5 硬脂酸 3 3 防老剂4020 1 1 硫磺 2.5 2.5 促进剂NS 0.7 0.7 合计 157.2 142.2 炭黑质量分数 35.4% 23.6% 
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