轮对结构弹性对高速转向架稳定性的影响

摘要: 为了研究轮对扭转、弯曲和伞形特征模态对转向架稳定性的影响，将轮对分别视为刚性体和弹性体，建立了车辆-轨道系统动力学模型。根据UIC518，使用构架横向振动加速度和车轮导向力之和的均方根值来评定转向架横向稳定性。研究结果表明：影响转向架横向稳定性的特征模态主要为轮对1阶对称和反对称弯曲模态。当车辆运行速度为500 km/h时，弹性和刚性轮对模型构架横向振动加速度均方根值分别为4.69 m/s2和4.14 m/s2，车轮导向力之和均方根值分别为16.35 kN和14.79 kN。当车轴刚度降低时，轮对模态特征频率降低，构架横向振动加速度和车轮导向力之和的均方根值增大，故车辆运行临界速度随车轴刚度的降低而降低。因此，在轮对轻量化设计时，应同时兼顾车轴结构刚度。
- 动力学 /
- 稳定性 /
- 刚度 /
- 加速度 /
- 特征频率
Abstract: In order to study the influence of torsion mode, bending mode and umbrella mode of the wheelset on the stability of high-speed bogie, the vehicle-track system dynamic model was established in this paper. The wheelset structures were considered as rigid body and flexible body respectively in the dynamic model. The lateral stability of the bogies was assessed by the RMS values of the bogie frame lateral acceleration and the sum of the wheel-rail guiding force according to UIC518. The results show as follows: The 1st symmetric and antisymmetric bending modes of wheelset are the main factors affecting the lateral stability of high-speed bogie. The RMS values of the bogie frame lateral acceleration of the flexible and rigid wheelset models are 4.69 m/s2 and 4.14 m/s2, and the RMS values of the sum of the wheel-rail guiding force are 16.35 kN and 14.79 kN respectively when the vehicle running speed is 500 km/h. The modal frequencies of wheelset decrease with the decreasing of the axle stiffness. The RMS values of the lateral acceleration of the bogie frame and the sum of the wheel-rail guiding force increase with the decreasing of modal frequencies of wheelset. So, the critical speed decreases with the decreasing of the axle stiffness. As a result, the stiffness of the axle must be taken into consideration during the lightweight design of wheelsets.
- acceleration /
- computer simulation /
- computer software /
- design /
- dynamics

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