地铁车辆蜂窝式防爬器的结构设计及优化

陈佳明; 朱涛; 肖守讷; 阳光武; 杨冰

doi:10.13433/j.cnki.1003-8728.20200632

地铁车辆蜂窝式防爬器的结构设计及优化

doi: 10.13433/j.cnki.1003-8728.20200632

西南交通大学牵引动力国家重点实验室，成都　610000

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目（52172409）

详细信息

作者简介:
陈佳明（1997−），硕士研究生，研究方向为轨道交通车辆被动安全性，413033354@qq.com

通讯作者:
朱涛，副研究员，博士生导师，zhutao034@swjtu.cn

中图分类号: O313.4
计量
- 文章访问数: 217
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- PDF下载量: 81
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-05-12
- 网络出版日期: 2023-05-29
- 刊出日期: 2023-05-25

Structure Design and Optimization of Honeycomb Anti-climbing Device for Subway Vehicles

State Key Laboratory of Traction Power, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610000, China

摘要

摘要: 为研究某型地铁车辆蜂窝式防爬器的吸能特性，根据轨道车辆耐撞性标准，对其吸能区域的结构进行合理设计，进而研究了不同薄壁壳厚度和蜂窝厚度下蜂窝式防爬器的吸能特性。利用四次多项式响应面代理模型拟合出其压缩力效率，并运用多岛遗传算法对其压缩力效率最大值进行寻优。结果表明：多级蜂窝式防爬器的比吸能和压缩力效率都明显优于相同质量下的单级蜂窝式防爬器和圆管式防爬器；薄壁壳壁厚对多级蜂窝式防爬器的撞击力影响较铝蜂窝壁厚更为显著；通过使用四次多项式响应面法和多岛遗传算法在设计空间中寻找到其最优的壁厚组合，压缩力效率比优化前提高了6.03%，相较圆管式防爬器提高了60.96%；该防爬器在压缩力效率和比吸能方面具有明显优势，应用于地铁车辆的吸能防爬环节将发挥其重要的作用。
- 蜂窝式防爬器 /
- 耐撞性 /
- 吸能装置 /
- 响应面法 /
- 多岛遗传算法 /
- 比吸能
Abstract: To study the energy absorption characteristics of the cellular anti-climbing device of a subway vehicle, the structure of the energy absorption area was designed reasonably according to the crashworthiness standard of the railway vehicle, and then the energy absorption characteristics of the cellular anti-climbing device under different thin-walled shell thickness and honeycomb thickness were studied. The quaternary polynomial response surface proxy model was used to establish the compressive force efficiency, and the multi-island genetic algorithm was used to optimize the maximum compressive force efficiency. The results show that the specific energy absorption and compression force efficiency of multi-stage honeycomb anti-creeper are obviously better than those of single-stage honeycomb anti-creeper and tubular anti-creeper with the same mass. The effect of the thin-walled shell wall thickness on the impact force of multistage honeycomb is more significant than that of aluminum honeycomb wall thickness. The quaternary polynomial response surface method and multi-island genetic algorithm were used to find the optimal combination of wall thickness in the design space, and the compression force efficiency was increased by 6.03% comparing with that before optimization, and 60.96% comparing with that of the circular tube anti-creep. The anti-climbing device has obvious advantages in compression force efficiency and specific energy absorption, and it will play an important role in energy absorption and anti-climbing of subway vehicles.
- cellular anti-crawling device /
- crash worthiness /
- energy absorption device /
- response surface method /
- multi-island genetic algorithm /
- specific energy absorption

HTML全文

图 1 蜂窝式防爬器结构示意图

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图 2 蜂窝式防爬器截面示意图

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图 3 单个蜂窝块应力-应变曲线

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图 4 防爬器内部蜂窝有限元模型

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图 5 圆管式防爬器有限元模型

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图 6 防爬器撞击力对比

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图 7 蜂窝式和圆管式防爬器撞击力对比

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图 8 蜂窝式防爬器的内部变形情况

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图 9 压缩力效率$ \eta $响应面

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表 1 蜂窝式防爬器参数要求

空间尺寸/mm	吸能量/ kJ	平台载荷/ kN	垂向载荷/ kN	总行程/ mm
250 × 300 × 800	6000	500	150	500 ± 10

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表 2 防爬器吸能特性对比

防爬器类型	峰值力/ kN	平台力/ kN	压缩力效率η	吸能量/ kJ	比吸能/ （kJ·kg⁻¹）
多级蜂窝	692.7	489.3	0.7063	50.61	6.21
单级蜂窝	617.0	329.9	0.5346	39.03	4.79
圆管	608.6	166.2	0.2731	15.91	1.94

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表 3 样本点的选取及其计算结果

壁厚t/mm	壁厚a/mm	峰值力 / kN	平台力 / kN	有限元计算η值	代理模型计算η值	相对误差/%
0.31	2.1	681.87	467.46	0.6856	0.6909	0.76
0.31	2.3	700.74	469.58	0.6701	0.6791	1.33
0.31	2.5	773.49	493.49	0.6380	0.6815	6.38
0.31	2.7	834.02	533.69	0.6399	0.6766	5.42
0.33	2.1	734.50	474.26	0.6457	0.6785	4.83
0.33	2.3	750.96	498.33	0.6636	0.6666	0.45
0.33	2.5	814.41	512.87	0.6297	0.6689	5.86
0.33	2.7	861.88	557.18	0.6465	0.6641	2.65

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表 4 多岛遗传算法的参数

参数名	数值	参数名	数值
子群规模	40	交叉概率	0.8
子群数	3	变异概率	0.01
总规模	120	岛间迁移率	0.2
进化代数	80	迁移间隔代数	5

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表 5 多岛遗传算法优化结果

壁厚t/mm	壁厚a/mm	峰值力 / kN	平台力 / kN	有限元计算η值	代理模型计算η值	相对误差/%
0.31	2	699.05	489.04	0.6996	0.6954	0.60

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