Research on Static and Dynamic Characteristics of Hydrostatic Thrust Gas Bearing with Double Row Holes
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摘要: 针对双排孔供气的静压止推气体轴承，设计周向环形均压槽以提高轴承的承载力和静刚度，建立气膜模型并对其进行Fluent仿真，研究其结构参数对静态特性的影响规律。仿真结果表明：当气膜厚度h=10 μm时，供气孔数n=16，孔排间距△d=25 mm，外、内径比值C=4.0，均压槽槽宽d1=6 mm，槽深h1=0.02 mm，节流孔孔径d2=0.11 mm，孔深h2=1.4 mm时能保证轴承获得较好的静特性。采用稳态与瞬态仿真结合的方法，分析承载面做谐振动时，得到不同过渡尺寸下的承载力响应曲线和对振幅的影响规律。仿真结果表明：在相同的载荷变化下，增大d1、减小h1、减小d2、增大h2均能在一定程度上抑制微振动的振幅，从而提高轴承的稳定性。Abstract: In order to improve the bearing capacity and static stiffness of hydrostatic thrust gas bearing with two rows of holes, circumferential annular pressure equalizing grooves are designed in this paper. The Fluent simulation results show that when the film thickness h=10 μm, the number of air supply holes n=16, the spacing between holes △d=25 mm, the ratio C=4.0, the width of equalizing groove d1=6 mm, the groove depth h1=0.02 mm, the orifice diameter d2=0.11 mm, and the hole depth h2=1.4 mm, the better static characteristics of the bearing can be guaranteed. The response curve of bearing capacity and its influence on the amplitude under different transitional dimensions are analyzed when the bearing surface is in harmonic vibration with the method of combination of steady-state and transient simulation. The simulation results show that under the same load change, increasing d1, decreasing h1, decreasing d2 and increasing h2 can restrain the amplitude of micro vibration to a certain extent, thus improving the bearing stability.
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表 2 双排孔静压止推气体轴承的结构尺寸
项目 数值 step 供气孔数n/个 16, 24, 36, 48 - 外内径比值C 1.0~4.0 +1.0 孔排间距Δd/mm 10~25 +5 均压槽槽宽d1/mm 1~6 +1 均压槽槽深h1/mm 0.01~0.06 +0.01 节流孔孔径d2/mm 0.05~0.20 +0.03 节流孔孔深h2/mm 0.2~1.4 +0.3 
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表 3 不同峰值时动态承载力统计参数
峰值A/μm F/N ΔFmax/N 动刚度KD/(N·μm-1) 0.01 3 770.01 3.43 171.500 0.05 3 777.85 19.11 191.100 0.10 3 788.74 37.81 189.050 0.20 3 805.40 74.21 185.525
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表 4 不同槽宽时动态承载力统计参数
槽宽d1/mm F/N ΔFmax/N 动刚度KD/(N·μm-1) 1 3 744.47 34.74 173.70 2 3 772.35 36.22 181.10 3 3 788.74 37.81 189.05 4 3 799.55 39.60 198.00 5 3 806.66 41.54 207.70 6 3 808.85 43.65 218.25
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表 5 不同槽深时动态承载力统计参数
槽深h1/mm F/N ΔFmax/N 动刚度KD/(N·μm-1) 0.01 3 295.64 43.86 219.3 0.02 3 591.47 43.53 217.65 0.03 3 712.05 40.99 204.95 0.04 3 766.38 38.92 194.60 0.05 3 788.74 37.81 189.05 0.06 3 796.16 37.52 187.60
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表 6 不同孔径时动态承载力统计参数
孔径d2/mm F/N ΔFmax/N 动刚度KD/(N·μm-1) 0.05 1 833.41 52.83 264.15 0.08 2 729.07 64.85 324.25 0.11 3 398.52 54.63 273.15 0.14 3 788.74 37.81 189.05 0.17 3 992.73 25.26 126.3 0.20 4 095.53 17.25 86.25
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表 7 不同孔深时动态承载力统计参数
孔深h2/mm F/N ΔFmax/N 动刚度KD/(N·μm-1) 0.2 3 803.69 37.36 186.8 0.5 3 788.74 37.81 189.05 0.8 3 775.10 38.57 192.85 1.1 3 755.86 40.47 202.35
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