Analysis on Axial Vibration Characteristics of Flexible Multi-diaphragm Coupling
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摘要: 与扭转刚度相比，膜盘联轴器的轴向刚度较小，因此轴向振动的固有频率和临界转速更低，膜盘联轴器更加容易受到两侧设备轴向窜动激励的影响。本文以某新型联轴器为研究对象，分别利用有限元方法和集中参数法对联轴器轴向振动模态进行了分析，并进一步对不同轴向伸缩量、转速和扭矩下的膜盘联轴器轴向刚度进行了研究，以此为基础分析了轴向伸缩量和转速对膜盘联轴器轴向临界转速的影响。研究结果表明：通过对比膜盘联轴器有限元模型与集中参数集模型的模态分析结果，验证了两种模型的准确性；膜盘联轴器轴向刚度分析结果表明随着轴向绝对位移的增加，膜盘轴向出现应力刚化，其轴向刚度呈非线性变化；而膜盘联轴器的轴向刚度随转速的增加而增大，同时各阶临界转速受转速和轴向伸缩量的影响出现明显变化，此研究为膜盘联轴器的进一步优化和使用提供了依据。Abstract: Compared with the torsional stiffness, the axial stiffness of the diaphragm coupling is smaller. Therefore, the natural frequency and critical speed of the axial vibration are lower, and the diaphragm coupling is more susceptible to the influence of the axial displacement of the equipment on both sides. In this paper, a new type of coupling is taken as the research object, the axial vibration modes of the coupling are analyzed with the finite element method and the centralized parameter method, and the axial stiffness of the diaphragm coupling under different axial displacement, rotating speed and torque is studied. Based on the above, the effects of axial displacement and rotating speed on the axial natural frequency and critical rotating speed of the diaphragm coupling are investigated. The research result shows that the accuracy of the two models can be verified by comparing the modal analysis results of the finite element model and the centralized parameter set model of the diaphragm coupling. With the increase of the axial absolute displacement, the axial stress stiffening of the diaphragm appears and the axial stiffness presents a nonlinear change. The axial stiffness of the diaphragm coupling is positively correlated with the rotating speed, and the critical rotating speed of each stage is distinctly affected by the rotating speed and the axial displacement. This study provides a basis for the optimization and application of the diaphragm coupling.
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表 2 有限元模型网格质量参数
质量类型 参数 网格数量 259 432 节点数量 361 908 单元类型 Solid185 最小雅克比值 0.69 最大扭曲度 37.7 最大长宽比 4.70 
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表 3 膜盘联轴器模态分析对比
模态阶数 有限元分析/Hz 集中参数法/Hz 误差率/% 1阶 78.98 78.90 0.09 2阶 428.58 426.60 0.46 3阶 442.44 440.58 0.42 4阶 772.04 809.12 4.58 5阶 776.64 813.38 4.52 6阶 1 036.96 1 066.70 2.79
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