High-resolution Test System of Tenon Distortion for Blade Processing
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摘要: 针对由航空发动机叶片工装刚度低，导致加工过程中叶片受切削力影响产生的变形问题，本文研究并集成了一款用以高分辨率变形量的位移传感器测试系统，监测加工过程中高频的切削力对高频位移信号的影响关系，实现对叶片工装的评价和设计指导。首先，介绍了航空发动机精锻叶片在多点定位夹紧工装中，加工榫头时产生的叶片变形与切削力对应关系问题。其次，通过仿真分析确定叶片榫头发生最大变形时，切削力在叶片榫头的施加位置。再次，根据切削力和变形对测试系统的采样频率、分辨率及其测试精度的要求，选择合适的位移传感器。并通过选择的位移传感器类型挑选数据采集卡，搭建起叶片变形测试系统。最后，开展叶片榫头加工实验，测试在切削力下叶片榫头的变形情况，得出了切削力与叶片榫头变形关系，验证了测试系统的可行性。并阐述测试中存在的问题并进行改进，同时对未来自主搭建叶片榫头加工测试系统提出合理化建议。Abstract: The deformation of the aircraft engines blade-fixture system is low, which causes the deformation of the blade in the machining process. A displacement sensor closed loop systems for high-resolution deformation is studied and integrated in order to monitor the influence of the high-frequency cutting force on the high-frequency displacement signals in machining, and to evaluate and design the blade-fixture system. Firstly, the relationship between the blade deformation and the cutting force generated when machining the tenon in the multi-point positioning, and clamping tool of the aircraft engines precision forging blade is introduced. Secondly, by means of the simulation analysis results, the position of cutting force on the blade tenon is determined when the blade tenon deforms to the maximum. Thirdly, according to the cutting force and deformation requirements of the test system sampling frequency, resolution and test accuracy, the appropriate displacement sensor is selected. Again, the data acquisition card is selected by the selected displacement sensor type, and the blade deformation closed loop systems are built. Finally, the blade tenon processing experiment was carried out to test the deformation of the blade under the cutting force, and the feasibility of the test system was verified. Describe the problems existing in the test and improve them. Meanwhile, the rationalization suggestion for the future construction of the blade tenon processing test system is put forward.
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Key words:
- precision blade /
- test system /
- tenon distortion
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表 1 电涡流传感器参数
线性范围及对应电压 0.50~1.50 mm, 0.50~1.50 V 探头直径 Ø5 mm 灵敏度 4 V/mm 安装间隙及对应电压 1.00 mm, 3.00 V 
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表 3 实验参数
转速/(r·min-1) 进给/mm 切深/mm Z向切削力/N 加工类型 800 400 0.2 3.5 精加工 1 200 400 0.3 8.4 精加工 1 000 70 1 23.7 粗加工 1 000 70 2 28.8 粗加工 800 40 5 46.6 加大切削力实验
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