Numerically Simulating Rock Cutting Process of Cutterhead of Cutter Suction Dredger with Discrete Element Method
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摘要: 对挖泥船绞刀挖岩的三维离散单元法数值仿真过程进行了研究，使用离散元软件EDEM通过虚拟休止角试验标定了颗粒及边界的摩擦系数，通过虚拟单轴压缩试验和虚拟巴西圆盘劈裂试验标定了接触模型微观参数，并完成了绞刀挖岩的离散元动态切削仿真。结果显示切削形貌与实际基本相符，扭矩平均值与实验值以及有限元仿真值基本相符，进而验证参数标定的可靠性，对预测绞刀受力具有参考意义；同时不同于有限元仿真，材料破碎后碎屑颗粒依然保持运动，为进一步研究碎屑的导送提供可能。Abstract: This paper studied the three-dimensional numerical simulation of the cutterhead's rock cutting process of a cutter suction dredger. With the discrete element method, the virtual repose test was used to calibrate the friction coefficient of particles and boundary; the virtual uniaxial compression test and the Brazilian test were used to calibrate the contact parameters of the particles, which were used to simulate the rock cutting process of the cutterhead of a cutter suction dredger. The simulation results show that the cutting morphology matches the actuality and that the average torque is basically consistent with the experimental results and the finite element simulation value, thus verifying the reliability of the parameter calibration process. The research results are useful for predicting the force of a cutterhead. At the same time, unlike the finite element simulation, the broken debris particles are constantly moving, thus allowing the further study of the transfer of debris particles.
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Key words:
- discrete element method /
- calibration /
- rock cutting /
- cutterhead /
- numerical simulation
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表 1 混凝土材料参数
材料参数 材料一 材料二 材料三 密度/(kg·mm-3) 1 760 1 850 1 970 弹性模量/MPa 4 030 7 340 15 500 泊松比 0.33 0.35 0.35 抗压强度/MPa 2.41 5.34 16.20 抗拉强度/MPa 0.60 0.95 1.90 摩擦系数 0.33 0.35 0.35 
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表 2 三组实验的工况参数
工况参数 材料一 材料二 材料三 绞刀转速/(r·min-1) 55 55 76 横移速度/(m·s-1) 0.1 0.1 0.06 切削面积/m2 0.115 0.082 0.079
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表 4 休止角标定试验参数标定结果
参数 材料一 材料二 材料三 试验休止角/(°) 47.5 49.0 50.9 仿真休止角/(°) 48.0 48.5 52.0 颗粒间静摩擦系数 0.8 0.8 0.8 颗粒间滚动摩擦系数 0.25 0.27 0.3 颗粒与几何体之间的滚动摩擦系数 0.01 0.01 0.01
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表 5 三种材料虚拟试验结果
材料 抗压强度/MPa 抗拉强度/MPa 仿真值 实验值 仿真值 实验值 一 2.57 2.41 0.44 0.50 二 5.31 5.34 1.05 0.95 三 15.60 16.20 2.33 1.90
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表 6 三种材料接触模型参数标定结果
参数 材料一 材料二 材料三 法向刚度/(N·m-3) 7.2×1011 1.25×1012 2.05×1012 切向刚度/(N·m-3) 1.6×1010 2.5×1010 4.1×1010 最大法向应力/MPa 7 20 80 最大切向应力/MPa 0.55 0.9 1.8 粘结键半径/mm 15 15 15
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